井灌区节水灌溉效率与潜力分析——以内蒙古通辽市为例魏子涵;魏占民;李春强;白寅祯;苏婷婷;徐大为【摘要】Basedontheactualinvestigationandanalysisforthestatusofwaterresourcesutilizationandagriculturalirrigationwateruseinwell-irrigationdistrictofTongliaoCityinInnerMongolia,accordingtothedifferentirrigationmode,soiltypes,distributionpositionandirrigationmanagementlevel,selectedsometypicalsampleirrigationdistricts,scientificallymeasuredtheirrigationwateruseefficiencyforthesampleirrigationdistrict,irrigationdistrictandregionbyusingthefieldtestmethodandwaterbalancemethodrespectively,analyzedandevaluatedthewater-savingeffectandpotentialbythreedimensionsforthetypicalsampleirrigationdistrict,irrigationdistrictandregion.Measuredandcalculatedtheirrigationwaterusecoefficientswere0.799,0.832,0.813,0.803,0.823,0.806,0.823and0.806respectivelyfortheNaimanBanner,HorqinLeftMiddleBanner,HorqinDistrict,KailuCounty,KulunBanner,HorqinLeftBackBanner,ZhaluteBannerandHuolinguoleCityinTongliaoCity.ThewholegroundwaterirrigatedareasincurrentyearinTongliaoCitywere640thousandhm2.Amongthemthewatersavingirrigationareaswere300thousandhm2,andremained340thousandhm2wereutilizedthetraditionalirrigationmethods.Supposetotal340thousandhm2farmlandswillbedevelopedintothelowpressurepipeirrigationinfuture,thewatersavingvolumecanbereached38.6millionm3fromthe640thousandhm2irrigationaresainTongliaoCity.Ifwholeareasweredevelopedintothesprinklerirrigation,thetotalwatersavingvolume82.98millionm3canbesaved.Iftotalweredevelopedintothedripirrigationunderfilm,thewatersavngvolume109.04millionm3canbereached.Theirrigationwateruseefficiencyofeachirrigationdistrictmainlydependentontheproportionofdifferentmethodsirrigationareainthetotalirrigationarea,usinghighefficiencywatersavingirrigationcanimprovetheirrigationefficiency.%在对内蒙古通辽市井灌区水资源利用现状和农业灌区用水现状进行实际调查与分析的基础上,按不同灌溉方式、土壤类型、分布位置和灌溉管理水平选择典型样点灌区,分别用田间实测法和水量平衡法科学地测算不同灌溉方式下的样点灌区、灌区和地区的灌溉水利用效率,并分析评估样点灌区、灌区和地区三个尺度的节水效果与潜力.测算得出通辽市所辖的奈曼旗、科尔沁左翼中旗、科尔沁区、开鲁县、库伦旗、科尔沁左翼后