高中英语语法专题讲解专题二、同位语从句一、同位语从句概述同位语从句就是用以解释说明某一名词内容得从句,常见得可以被同位语从句修饰得名词有:belief,chance,doubt,hope,idea,news,opinion,thought,promise等。引导同位语从句得词有连词that,whether与副词how,when,where等。同位语从句同位语从句就是意义完整得陈述句时,用连词that引导。注:that在从句中不充当任何成分,只起连接作用,通常不省略。eg:Igotthenewsthathewouldetoseemethenextweek、同位语从句就是疑问句时,应根据语境选用who,when,where,how,whether(不能用if)等词来引导。eg:Thequestionwhoisthebestforthejobrequiresconsideration、分隔式同位语从句:当主句得谓语较短,而同位语从句较长时,为了使句子保持平衡,常把同位语从句后置。eg:Anideacametohimthathecouldbuyheradiamondring、后面常跟同位语得词有:doubt,fact,hope,idea,message,news,possibility,promise,question,suggestion,truth,thought,warning,wish等。注:advice,order,suggestion等词表示建议、命令得词后得同位语从句中得谓语动词须用(should)+动词原形eg:Hemadethesuggestionthatthemeeting(should)beputoff、同位语从句与定语从句得区别所表达得内容不同:同位语从句与定语从句一般就是放在某一名词后面,但同位语从句就是对该名词得解释与说明,而定语从句就是对该名词得修饰,说明它得性质特征。eg:Thefactthathepresentedwasastrongproof、Thefactthatshehadn’tsaidanythingsurprisedusall、在句中所起得语法作用不同:引导定语从句得that就是关系代词,它得作用就是连接主句与从句,并代表先行词在从句中充当句子成分,而且that作宾语时可省略,指物时,可以用which代替。引导同位语从句得that就是连词,只起连接主句与从句得作用,它不充当任何成分,不能省略,也不可被which代替eg:WeexpressedthehopethatMrandMrsSmithwouldetovisitChinathenextyear、Thenewsthatweheardspreadalloverthecity、(3)所修饰得词不尽相同:同位语从句所修饰得名词数量有限,往往就是含有某种信息得词,如:message,news,fact,hope,desire,problem,idea,suggestion,advice,questtion,order,belief,doubt,fear,truth,throught等,而定语从句修饰得先行词无此限制。(4)wh-引导词引导同位语从句时,有其本身得疑问含义;引导定语从句时则没有疑问得意思。eg:Ihavenoideawherethemeetingwillbeheld、HeistheonlyoneoftheseboyswhocanspeakFranch、◆跟踪练习:1、Thereisnoobviousevidence_____thereislifeonanyotherplanetinthesolarsystem、A、whichB、thatC、howD、where2、Myfriendshowedmeroundthetown,_____wasverykindofhim、A、whichB、thatC、whereD、it3、Manychildren,_____parentsareawayworkinginbigcities,aretakengoodcareofinthevillage、A、theirB、whoseC、ofthemD、withwhom4、ManyyoungpeopleintheWestareexpectedtoleave_____couldbelife’smostimportantdecision—marriage---almostentirelyuptoluck、A、asB、thatC、whichD、what定语从句及同位语从句专项训练[]1、Thatis_____hesaid、A、allwhatB、allwhichC、allthatD、allwh