第四部分：阅读理解（第31~45题，每题三分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。第十五篇WarmPeopleLikelytoKeepColdatBay1Stayingpositive2throughthecoldseasoncouldbeyourbestdefenseagainstgettingill,newstudyfindingssuggest.Inanexperimentthatexposedhealthyvolunteerstoacoldorfluvirus3,researchersfoundthatpeoplewithagenerallysunnydisposition4werelesslikelytofallill.Thefindings,publishedinthejournalPsychosomaticMedicine,buildonevidencethata“positiveemotionalstyle”5canhelpwardoffthecommoncoldandotherillnesses.Researchersbelievethereasonsmaybebothobjectiveasinhappinessboostingimmunefunctionandsubjectiveasinhappypeoplebeinglesstroubledbyascratchythroat6orrunnynose.“Peoplewithapositiveemotionalstylemayhavedifferentimmuneresponsestothevirus,"explainedleadstudyauthorDrSheldonCohenofCamegieMellonUniversityinPittsburgh.“Andwhentheydogetacold,theymayinterprettheirillnessasbeinglesssevere."Cohenandhiscolleagueshadfoundinapreviousstudythathappierpeopleseemedlesssusceptibleto7catchingacold,butsomequestionsremainedasto8whethertheemotionaltraititselfhadtheeffect.Forthenewstudy,theresearchershad193healthyadultscompletestandardmeasuresofpersonalitytraits,self-perceivedhealthandemotional“style".Thosewhotendedtobehappy,energeticandeasy-goingwerejudgedashavingapositiveemotionalstyle,whilethosewhowereoftenunhappy,tenseandhostilehadanegativestyle.Theresearchersgavethemnasaldropscontainingeitheracoldvirusoraparticularfluvirus.0verthenextsixdays,thevolunteersreportedonanyaches,pains,sneezingorcongestiontheyhad,whiletheresearcherscollectedobjectivedata,likedailymucusproduction.Cohenandhiscolleaguesfoundthatbasedonobjectivemeasuresofnasalwoes,happypeoplewerelesslikelytodevelopacold.词汇：bay/n．绝境，穷途末路flu／n.流行性感冒virus/n．病毒disposition/n．本性，性情psychosomatic/adj.身心的boost/vt＆n．提高，举起scratchy/adj.刺痛的，使人发痒的runny/adj.流黏液的Pittsburgh/n．匹兹堡（美国城市）colleague/n．同事susceptible/adj.易感的，敏感的catch／vt.感染到trait/n．特质；特性perceive/vt.发觉，觉察；理解energetic/adj.精力充沛的，精神饱满的easy-going／adj．随和的tense