独立主格结构我们知道，“V—ing或—ed形式”短语作状语时，其实就是状语从句在主从句主语一致的情况下省略的结果。所以通常情况下，“V—ing或—ed形式”作状语时其逻辑主语是和主句的主语一致的。在前后主语不一致的情况下，我们通常采用“V—ing或—ed形式”短语前加上其逻辑主语一起构成主句的状语部分，因此我们就把自带逻辑主语的“V—ing或—ed形式”结构叫做“独立主格结构”。事实上，在英语中，“独立主格结构”还可以由“逻辑主语+不定式、名词、形容词、副词、介词短语等”构成，其功能相当于“with复合结构”或“非限制性定语从句”。独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。1.与状语从句的转化1).Alltheworkfinished,hesatdownforacoffee.【=Whenalltheworkwasfinished,hesatdownforacoffee.】2).Weatherpermitting,wewillgoswimmingtomorrow.【=Ifweatherpermits,wewillgoswimmingtomorrow.】3).Theboybeinglate,histeacherwasveryangry.【=Astheboywaslate,histeacherwasveryangry.】4)Everythingtakenintoconsideration,theeventwasagreatevent.【=Wheneverythingtakenintoconsideration,theeventwasagreatevent.】Therebeingsomethingmoreimportanttoattendto,hehadtocanceltheappointmentwithme.【=Astherewassomethingmoreimportanttoattendto,hehadtocanceltheappointmentwithme.】6).Thefloorwet,theystayedoutside.【=Asthefloorwaswet,theystayedoutside.】2.与with复合结构的转化1).Alotofhomeworktodo,Ihavetostayhomeallday.【=Withalotofhomeworktodo,Ihavetostayhomeallday.】2）Thepresidententeredthemeetingroom,hissecretaryfollowinghim.【=Thepresidententeredthemeetingroom,withhissecretaryfollowinghim.】3).Thecrazyman,aguninhishand,wastryingtokillhiswife.【=Thecrazyman,withaguninhishand,wastryingtokillhiswife.】3.与非限制性定语从句的转化1).Thecountryhasalreadysentupthreeunmannedspacecraft,themostrecenthavingbeenlaunchedattheendoflastmonth.【=Thecountryhasalreadysentupthreeunmannedspacecrafts,themostrecentofwhichwaslaunchedattheendoflastmonth.】2).Theoldfarmerraised10pigs,twoweighing200kg.【=Theoldfarmerraised10pigs,twoofwhichweighed200kg.】巩固联系1.Everything___intoconsideration,theyoughttohaveanotherchance.A.totakeB.takenC.tobetakenD.taking2.Anexpert___tohelpthemtomorrow,theyaresuretoworkouttheproblem.A.willcomeB.comingC.tocomeD.havingcome3.Themeeting___over,hewenttopickuphissondirectlyA.tobeB.isC.wasD.being4.---Theysatstillintheroom,___.---Whydidtheydolikethat?A.drawingthecurtainsB.withthecurtainsdrawnC.withthecurtainsdrawin