雅思阅读模拟试题：Howtoincreasesales新通教育-成都官方网址：HYPERLINK"http://edu.igo.cn/shinyway/chengdu/"http://edu.igo.cn/shinyway/chengdu/联系地址：成都市人民南路二段18号川信大厦26楼HowtoincreasesalesPublishedonline:Nov9th2006FromTheEconomistprinteditionHowshopscanexploitpeople'sherdmentalitytoincreasesales1．ATRIPtothesupermarketmaynotseemlikeanexerciseinpsychologicalwarfare—butitis．Shopkeepersknowthatfillingastorewiththearomaoffreshlybakedbreadmakespeoplefeelhungryandpersuadesthemtobuymorefoodthantheyhadintended．Stockingthemostexpensiveproductsateyelevelmakesthemsellfasterthancheaperbutlessvisiblecompetitors．Nowresearchersareinvestigatinghow“swarmintelligence”(thatis，howants，beesoranysocialanimal，includinghumans，behaveinacrowd)canbeusedtoinfluencewhatpeoplebuy．2．AtarecentconferenceonthesimulationofadaptivebehaviourinRome，Zeeshan-ul-hassanUsmani，acomputerscientistfromtheFloridaInstituteofTechnology，describedanewwaytoincreaseimpulsebuyingusingthisphenomenon．Supermarketsalreadyencourageshopperstobuythingstheydidnotrealisetheywanted:forinstance，byplacingeverydayitemssuchasmilkandeggsatthebackofthestore，forcingshopperstowalkpastothertemptinggoodstoreachthem．MrUsmaniandRonaldoMenezes，alsooftheFloridaInstituteofTechnology，setouttoenhancethistendencytobuymorebyplayingontheherdinstinct．Theideaisthat，ifacertainproductisseentobepopular，shoppersarelikelytochooseittoo．Thechallengeistokeepcustomersinformedaboutwhatothersarebuying．3．Entersmart-carttechnology．InMrUsmani'ssupermarketeveryproducthasaradiofrequencyidentificationtag，asortofbarcodethatusesradiowavestotransmitinformation，andeverytrolleyhasascannerthatreadsthisinformationandrelaysittoacentralcomputer．Asacustomerwalkspastashelfofgoods，ascreenontheshelftellshimhowmanypeoplecurrentlyintheshophavechosenthatparticularproduct．Ifthenumberishigh，heismorelikelytoselectittoo．4．MrUsmani's“swarm-moves”modelappealstosupermarketsbecauseitincreasessaleswithouttheneedtogivepeoplediscounts．Anditgivesshoppersthesatisfactionofknowingthattheyboughtthe“right”product—tha