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t1op15arge-scaleindustnalizationhasrevolutionizedleisureintheUnitedStates.Forthefirsttimeinhistory,freetimeisavailabletoalmosteveryone.Withautomationandmoreeflicientproductionmethods,theworkweekhasdroppedfrom60hoursto40orless,IipsI4leavingpeoplewithplentyofleisuretimeattheirdisposal.Equallyimportant,notonlydomorepeoplehavemorehoursawayfromthejob,buttheyhavemoremoneytospendduringthosehours.Besides,thegoodsandservicesthatcanbepurchasedhavealsoincreasedsignificantly.iinbjiInrThesedevelopmentshavebeenaccompaniedbyambivalentattitudestowardtheplaceanduseofleisureinpeople’slives.ciiseti’.onLDissensionhasoccurredbetweenemergingleisurenormsandmorefirmlyentrenchedones.SincetheUnitedStatesiswork-oriented,leisureisseenincontrasttowork,andviewednotonlyasfreetimebutalsotimethathasbeenearnedandpaidfor.Forthisreason,whatadhowtodowithmassleisuretimehasoftenassumedsocialandculturalsignificanceintheUnitedStates.HewShouldLeisurelieUsedinauIndustrialSnely?Tothisseeminglysimplequestion,Americanshaveprovideddifferentanswers.Thehistoricalconceptionchallengedanynonworkactivityandsaid,infact,thatleisurewaswasteful,ifnotsinful,andshouldbeminimizedoravoided.Asthishistoricalprescriptionhasprovidedabasisforanalyzingpresent-dayconflictingviewsonleisureintheUnitedStates,itisadvisabletostartdiscussingtheproblemofleisureby,firstofall,consideringthehistoricalrootsofit.LeisurewasviewedwithsuspicioninearlyAmerica.Itwassomethingthatshouldbegenerallyavoided,becausework-freehoursyieldedfew,ifany,benefits.TounderstandwhythisnormbecamesofirmlyentrenchedinAmericanvaluesystem,itisnecessarytounderstandtheperiodinwhichthisideaflourished.Assaidbefore,earlyAmericasawlittlevalueinleisure,andthisattitudewasconsistentwiththetasktheyfaced.Inthepioneerera,thedominantemphasiswasuponwork,self-sacrifice,andthrift,notonfun,relaxation,orevencontemplation.Ithadtobesoiftheearlycolonieswereto363survive.Thereasonswerequitesimple:toolswerecrude,productionmethodsinefficient,knowledgelimite
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