选修9UNIT2 SALING THE OCEANS-FAST READING-第一文库 | 海量文档资源下载与分享平台

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WarmingupQuestion:Howmanyoceansarethereintheworld?theArcticOceanWhatisanavigator?2.Whatisanexplorer?3.Whatisthedifferencebetweenanavigatorandanexplorer?NavigatorExplorerZhengHeZhengHe1371-1433MarcoPolo1254--1324TheMapofMarcoPolo’svoyageJamesCookJamesCook(1728-1779)wasthegreatestBritainnavigator.CookjoinedintheRoyalNavyin1755.In1768hewaspromotedandsenttothePacificwherehesurveyedTahiti,NewZealand,andAustralia.Onhisfamoussecondexpedition(1772-1775)heexploredAntarctica.In1776heundertookhisthirdandfinalvoyageinwhichheexploredtheWestCoastofNorthAmericaandtriedtolocateapassagebetweentheAtlanticandPacificoceans.OnthisvoyagehediscoveredtheHawaiianIslands,andsailedupthecoastofNorthAmericathroughtheBeringStraitstotheArcticOcean.OnhisreturnhewaskilledbyHawaiianislanders.Heisregardedasoneoftheworld’sgreatestexploresandnavigators.ColumbusItalian-bornexplorerChristopherColumbusbrokewithtraditionin1492,sailingwestinanattempttofindashorterroutetoIndiaandChina.ColumbusbasedhiscalculationsforthejourneyonBiblical圣经的scripture经文,specificallythebooksofEsdrasintheApocrypha新约外传.OnAugust3rd,1492,ColumbusdepartedfromPalosdelaFrontera,Spain,onthefirstofseveralvoyagestowhathelatercalledthe“NewWorld.”Lookatthepictures.Thenanswerthequestions.1.Howdoyouthinkseamenfoundtheirwaybeforemodernaccuratemethodsofnavigationwereinvented?2Whichdoyouthinkwaseasiertoworkout:latitudeorlongitude?compassreadingSailingtheoceansUsingnatureUsingcelestialbodiesUsingwildlifeUsingtheweather.Usetheinformationtoanalyzethenavigationalskillsandwritetheanswersinyourownwords.Fast-readingWhatskillsdidsailorsusetoexploretheseasanddiscovernewlands?UsingnavigationalinstrumentsReadagainandfillintheblanksWritedowntheworkingprinciplesofthefollowinginstruments:Readthepassageandanswerthefollowingquestions.Listentothetapeandthenanswerthequestions1.Whyarespeedandtimeimportantinworkingoutthelongitudeofaship?2.Whyisthepositionofthesunandvariousstarsusefulforworkingoutlatitude?Whatwouldyoudoif:Readthepassage(Reading)anddecid