生物医学英文文献阅读策略与方法提纲一.查阅和积累文献资料的意义二.查阅医学文献的若干困惑三.医学文献最常见的形式四.医学文献阅读的策略与方法的建议一.查阅和积累文献资料的意义确定题目（选题过程）1．提出问题(Problem)2．文献查阅(Criticalreviewofliteratures)3．假说形成(Formulationofhypothesis)4．陈述问题(Statementoftheproblem)安排实验5．实验设计(Experimentaldesign)6．实验观察(Experimentalinvestigation)7．数据资料积累(Accumulationofrawdata)总结工作完成论文8．数据资料处理(Treatmentofrawdata)9．统计分析(Statisticalanalysis)10.提炼出新发现、新概念、新理论，完成总结工作，书写论文(Conclusions)阅读文献在科学研究活动中重要作用寻求选题依据，判定选题的价值、合理性和科学性，避免重复研究构思和完善科研假说的基础（科学性和假定性评价）在科研工作总结阶段是论点形成的基础之一读者日常获取感兴趣的科学信息的不竭的源泉二.查阅医学文献的若干困惑三、医学文献最常见的形式论著(Originalarticle)Aliteraturereviewisabodyoftextthataimstoreviewthecriticalpointsofcurrentknowledgeincludingsubstantivefindingsaswellastheoreticalandmethodologicalcontributionstoaparticulartopic.Literaturereviewsaresecondarysources,andassuch,donotreportanynewororiginalexperimentalwork.Mostoftenassociatedwithacademic-orientedliterature,suchastheses,aliteraturereviewusuallyprecedesaresearchproposalandresultssection.Itsultimategoalistobringthereaderuptodatewithcurrentliteratureonatopicandformsthebasisforanothergoal,suchasfutureresearchthatmaybeneededinthearea.Awell-structuredliteraturereviewischaracterizedbyalogicalflowofideas;currentandrelevantreferenceswithconsistent,appropriatereferencingstyle;properuseofterminology;andanunbiasedandcomprehensiveviewofthepreviousresearchonthetopicFormatseparatejournalregularfeatureinajournalirregularofspecialarticleinajournalSubjectscope（文献综述内容范围）Broadoverviewofthesubjectasawhole特定命题的全面综述Overviewofmajortopicwithinthesubject在特定命题内对一主要问题的综述Reviewofspecifictopic较限定的科学问题的研究综述（minireview)Instatisticsameta-analysiscombinestheresultsofseveralstudiesthataddressasetofrelatedresearchhypothesesAboutTrendsinImmunologyTrendsinImmunologypublishesconcise,livelyandup-to-datearticlesthathighlightadvancesinthediversefieldsofimmunology.Reviewarticlesobjectivelychroniclerecentandimportantdevelopmentsinafield.Opinionarticlesprovideaforumfordebateandhypothesi