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OSExerciseBookClassNo.Name1.1Whatarethethreemainpurposesofanoperatingsystem?(1)Interfacebetweenthehardwareanduser;(2)managetheresourceofhardwareandsoftware;(3)abstractionofresource;1.2Listthefourstepsthatarenecessarytorunaprogramonacompletelydedicatedmachine.Preprocessing>Processing>Linking>Executing.1.6Definetheessentialpropertiesofthefollowingtypesofoperatingsystems:a.Batchb.Interactivec.Timesharingd.Realtimee.Networkf.Distributed1.7Wehavestressedtheneedforanoperatingsystemtomakeefficientuseofthecomputinghardware.Whenisitappropriatefortheoperatingsystemtoforsakethisprincipleandto“waste”resources?Whyissuchasystemnotreallywasteful?2.2Howdoesthedistinctionbetweenmonitormodeandusermodefunctionasarudimentaryformofprotection(security)system?2.3Whatarethedifferencesbetweenatrapandaninterrupt?Whatistheuseofeachfunction?2.5Whichofthefollowinginstructionsshouldbeprivileged?a.Setvalueoftimer.b.Readtheclock.c.Clearmemory.d.Turnoffinterrupts.e.Switchfromusertomonitormode.2.8Protectingtheoperatingsystemiscrucialtoensuringthatthecomputersystemoperatescorrectly.Provisionofthisprotectionisthereasonbehinddual-modeoperation,memoryprotection,andthetimer.Toallowmaximumflexibility,however,wewouldalsoliketoplaceminimalconstraintsontheuser.Thefollowingisalistofoperationsthatarenormallyprotected.Whatistheminimalsetofinstructionsthatmustbeprotected?a.Changetousermode.b.Changetomonitormode.c.Readfrommonitormemory.d.Writeintomonitormemory.e.Fetchaninstructionfrommonitormemory.f.Turnontimerinterrupt.g.Turnofftimerinterrupt.3.6Listfiveservicesprovidedbyanoperatingsystem.Explainhoweachprovidesconveniencetotheusers.Explainalsoinwhichcasesitwouldbeimpossibleforuser-levelprogramstoprovidetheseservices.3.7Whatisthepurposeofsystemcalls?3.10Whatisthepurposeofsystemprograms?4.1MS-DOSprovidednomeansofconcurrentprocessing.Discussthreemajorcomplicationsthatconcurrentprocessingaddstoanoperatingsystem.4.6Thecorrectproducer–co
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