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TheDesignoftheTaxSystem“Inthisworldnothingiscertainbutdeathandtaxes.”...BenjaminFranklin“Inthisworldnothingiscertainbutdeathandtaxes.”...BenjaminFranklinGovernmentRevenueasaPercentageofGDPCentralGovernmentTaxRevenueasaPercentofGDPTheFederalGovernmentTheFederalGovernmentTaxLiabilityIndividualIncomeTaxesFederalIncomeTaxRates:1999TheFederalGovernmentandTaxesReceiptsoftheFederalGovernment:1999ReceiptsoftheFederalGovernment...FederalGovernmentSpendingFederalGovernmentSpendingFederalGovernmentSpending:1999FederalGovernmentSpending:1999...FinancialConditionsoftheFederalBudgetFinancialConditionsoftheFederalBudgetStateandLocalGovernmentsStateandLocalGovernmentReceiptsStateandLocalGovernmentSpendingReceiptsofStateandLocalGovernments:1996SpendingofStateandLocalGovernments:1996Policymakershavetwoobjectivesindesigningataxsystem...TaxesandEfficiencyTheCostofTaxestoTaxpayersDeadweightLossesofTaxationAdministrativeBurdensMarginalTaxRatesversusAverageTaxRatesLump-SumTaxesTaxesandEquityPrinciplesofTaxationBenefitsPrincipleAbility-to-PayPrincipleVerticalEquityVerticalEquityandAlternativeTaxSystemsThreeTaxSystemsTheBurdenofFederalTaxesHorizontalEquityThe“MarriageTax”TaxIncidenceandTaxEquityFlypaperTheoryofTaxIncidenceTheFlatTaxProposedBenefitsoftheFlatTaxProposedBenefitsoftheFlatTaxSummarySummarySummarySummaryGraphicalReview“Inthisworldnothingiscertainbutdeathandtaxes.”...BenjaminFranklin“Inthisworldnothingiscertainbutdeathandtaxes.”...BenjaminFranklinGovernmentRevenueasaPercentageofGDPReceiptsoftheFederalGovernment...FederalGovernmentSpending:1999...