共济运动共济失调：病因和机理检查方法指鼻试验鼻－指－鼻试验过指试验跟－膝－胫试验轮替动作－快速重复地动作反跳试验无撑坐起试验共济失调步态【临床表现】1.感觉性共济失调:1.感觉性共济失调:（一）周围神经病变（二）后根病变（三）后束病变（四）脑干病变（五）丘脑病变（六）顶叶病变2.小脑性共济失调:小脑的解剖和定位诊断LobsInternalstructuresInternalstructuresThreefunctionaldivisions小脑MLFMainConnectionsofthe古小脑CEREBRALCORTEXuppermotorneuronUMNReticularFormation（一）小脑蚓部病变（二）小脑半球病变（三）全小脑病变（四）小脑桥脑角病变（五）脑干病变小脑病损的定位诊断小脑病损的定位诊断小脑病损的定位诊断小脑病损的定位诊断小脑病损的定位诊断SubcorticalMotorSystem:Cerebellum小脑病损的定位诊断小脑病损的定位诊断小脑病损的定位诊断小脑病损的定位诊断PostureGait–AtaxiaTremorCerebellarAtaxiaCerebellartumorsonvermis-TruncalAtaxia-FrequentFallingThechildinthispicture:-wouldnottrytostandunsupported-wouldnotletgoofthebedrailifshewasstoodonthefloor.大脑病变导致的共济失调3.前庭性共济失调:（一）周围性前庭病变（二）中枢性前庭损害WelcometoTiantanHospital