2013英语高考阅读专题—猜测词义一．利用构词法构词法包括：派生法(Derivation)；合成法；缩略法；拼缀法；转化法二．利用上下文语境猜词技巧1：定义释义法---通过解释定义来猜测.其表现形式为:用thatis,inotherwords,mean,becalled,referto等定义或重述形式来解释生词.有时会以同位语或定语从句形式来解释。1.Hisuncleisazoologist,anexpertwhodoesresearchonanimals.2.Yet,shopkeepersmayhavetospendextrahourstodealwithproblems,suchasshoplifters,whoalwaystakeawaythingsfromtheshopwithoutpayingforthem.3.Janeisindecisive,thatis,shecan’tmakeuphermind.技巧2:对比转折法---句中多半有unlike,but,however,while,incontrast,onthecontrary,ontheotherhand,insteadof,ratherthan等信息词.另外,分号也可以表示转折,对比的意义.1.Herepliedquickly,butafterheconsideredtheproblemmorecarefully,heregrettedhavingmadesuchahastydecision.2.TomisoneofthemostsuperciliousmanIknow.Hisbrother,incontrast,isquitehumbleandmodest.技巧3:因果法---文章借助关联词because,as,since,for,so,asaresult,therefore等表示前因后果.有时利用动词leadto,cause,resultin,bringabout等表达因果关系.1.Theflowersinthevasewitheredbecausetheyhadnowater.Thelackofmovementcausedthemusclestoweaken.Sometimestheweaknesswaspermanent.Sotheplayercouldneverplaythesportagain.技巧4:根据并列选择关系猜词义---前后所表达的意思相似或一致,且它们的词义属于同一义域,常用or或and来连接或if引导的句子来猜测.1.Ifyoudon’tstopdoinglikethis,you’llimpairyourhealth.2.Hestrayedbecauseofthedarkness,anddidn’tknowwherehewas.技巧5：根据生活常识来猜测。特征：一般能够根据自己的生活经验及生活常识来判断词义。1.Tomsawanowllastnightbutitflewawaywhenhegotnear．A.abirdB.ananimalC.thesun2.Thefreshtroutisverycheap,butIdon’tknowhowtocookit．A.fishB.fruitC.apple三．探究活动Chickenbecomesrottenveryquickly.Thatistosay,itcangobadinarefrigeratorifitisleftthereformorethanaweek.Ifyouhaveanydoubtthatthemeatisbad,don’teatit.Insteadinspectitverycarefully:Checkthesmell,howitlooksandfeels.Thefirstsignthatthechickenisrottenissmell.Ifthechickenhasabadodor,youshouldthrowitout.Thesecondsignthatthechickenisrottenisthelook.Ifthemeatisverysoft,itmightberotten.Discarditifitis.Thethirdsignisthefeelofthechicken.Ifonlypartofthechickenisbad,throwawaytherottenportionandkeeptherest.1.“rotten”means________.A.badB.goodC.delicious2.“inspect”_______.A.examineB.putC.visit3.“odor”______.A.s