定语从句（一）定义及有关术语Forexample:关系词有关系代词和关系副词关系代词有:that,which,who,whom,whose,as等关系副词有:when,where,why关系词一般有如下三个作用：A.引导定语从句；B.替代先行词；C.在定语从句中担当一种成分。（二）关系代词引导定语从句YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwhohadlosthisway.2.whom指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。Theprofessor(whom)youarewaitingforhase.注意：关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用who来替代，也可省略。3.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。Helikestoreadbookswhicharewrittenbyforeignwriters.4．that指人时，相称于who或whom；指物时，相称于which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?YesterdayIreceivedaletterthat/whichcamefromAustralia.5.whose一般指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。Ioncelivedinthehousewhoseroofhasfallenin.Doyoulikethebookwhosecoverisyellow?（三）“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句Theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.We’llgotohearthefamoussinger(whom/who/that)wehaveoftentalkedabout.注意：1.具有介词短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词背面。如：lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等。Thebabiesafterwhomthenurseislookingareveryhealthy.２.若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom，不可用who,that；关系代词指物时只可用which，不可用that。关系代词是所有格时用whose。Themanwiththat/whoyoutalkedjustnowismyneighbour.３.“介词+关系代词”前还可有some,any,none,all,both,neither,many,most,each,few等代词或者数词。Inthebaskettherearequitemanyapples,someofwhichhavegonebad.Uptonow,hehaswrittentenstories,threeofwhichareaboutcountrylife.归纳：that,即指人又指物，作主语或宾语。which,指物，作主语或宾语。who,whom指人,who作主语,whom作宾语。that,which,whom在定语从句中作宾语时，可省去。1.Thatbookthatyouwantitisonthedesk.Jointwosentencesintoone:Theboyismybrother.Hehelpedme.Fillinthegaps:1.Theterribletyphoonkilledthepeopleandcattle_______wereinthefields.2.Thewindblewdownthetallesttree_______isinfrontofourschoolgate.3.Thisistheverything______Iwaslookingfor.4.Thisisthesecondnovel______Ihaveeverread.5.Thereisnothingintheworld_______canfrightenme.6.Whoistheman_______isreadingunderthetree?7.Myhometownisnotthesameone_______itusedtobetwentyyearsago.如下状况只能用that1先行词既有指人又有指物2当先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级时，有theonly,thevery等修饰时3先行词是all,much,anything,something,nothing等不定代词4主句是以who/which开头特殊疑问句时5当先行词在定语从句中作表语时Corrections:1.Themanjustsaidhellotomeismychemistryteacher.“介词＋关系代词”即“介词＋whom/w