HighfructoseintakefailstoinducesymptomaticadaptationbutmayinduceintestinalcarriersDebraHeilpern,1RatebN.Abbas,2StephanieGladman,3MaryseMenard,3ByongH.Lee,4AndrewSzilagyi11JewishGeneralHospital,DivisionofGastroenterology,McgillUniversitySchoolofMedicine,Montreal,QC,Canada;2DepartmentofMicrobialBiotechnology,GeneticEngineeringandBiotechnologyResearchInstitute(GEBRI),MinufiyaUniversity,Egypt;3JewishGeneralHospital,DepartmentofDietetics,McgillUniversity,Montreal,QC,Canada;4DepartmentofMicrobiologyandImmunology,McGillUniversity,Montreal,QC,CanadaCorrespondence:DrA.Szilagyi,JewishGeneralHospital,3755CoteStCatherineRd,RoomG327,MontrealH3T1E2,QC,Canada.Tel:+1.514.3408144.Fax:+1.514.3408282E-mail:HYPERLINK"mailto:aszilagy@gas.jgh.mcgill.ca"\t"_blank"aszilagy@gas.jgh.mcgill.caKeywords:fructosetolerance,colonicmicroflora,intestinalcarriers.Funding:financialassistancewasprovidedbydepartmentalfunds.Acknowledgement:ProfessorBrianSmithDesautelsFacultyofManagement,McGilluniversityforreviewingstatisticsofthemanuscript.Conflictsofinterest:theauthorreportsnoconflictsofinterest.Contributions:DHwasresponsiblefortheconductofthestudy,planning,statisticalanalysisandparticipatedinwritingthemanuscript;RAandBLwereresponsibleforcarryingoutandanalysingallmicrobiologicaldata;SGandMMwereresponsibleforrecordingandcalculatingdietpertainingdata;ASwasresponsibleforconceivingtheproject,helpinganalyzethedataandwritingthepaper.Allauthorsparticipatedindiscussionsandapprovethefinalsubmittedmanuscript.ThisworkislicensedunderaCreativeCommonsAttribution3.0License(by-nc3.0).©CopyrightD.Heilpernetal.,2010LicenseePAGEPress,ItalyGastroenterologyInsights2010;2:e3doi:10.4081/gi.2010.e3AbstractFructosehasseveralinteractionsinman,includingintoleranceandpromotionofsomediseases.However,fructoseinfruitsandinprebioticsmaybeassociatedwithbenefits.Adaptationtoregularfructoseingestionasdefinedforlactosecouldsupportabeneficialratherthanadeleteriouseffect.Thisstudywasundertakentoevaluatesymptomaticrespons