腿长未必好事癌症如影随形HowHeightIsConnectedtoCancerJealousofyourlong-leggedpeers?Turnsouttheymaynothavewonthegenepoolafterall.还在羡慕闺蜜秀美的长腿？新的研究表明长腿美眉们在这场基因战争中似乎并不是赢家。NewresearchpublishedinthejournalCancerEpidemiology,Biomarkers&Preventionfoundasurprisingcorrelationbetweenheightandcancerriskamongpostmenopausalwomen;thetallerthewoman,thegreaterherriskforthedisease.最新刊登在《肿瘤流行病学，生物标记与预防》杂志上的一项研究发现，在绝经后的女性群体中，身高与患肿瘤的风险存在着令人惊讶的相关性，具体来说，身高越高，女性患肿瘤的风险越大。Theresearchersstudiedmorethan20,900womenages50to79whoparticipatedintheWomen’sHealthInitiative(WHI)study,anon-goinganalysisofpostmenopausalwomenandthefactorsthatcontributetotheirhealth.Theyseparatedthewomenintofivegroupsbasedontheirheight,startingwithwomenshorterthan5feet1inch,andmatchedthemtodataontheircancerrates.这项研究为妇女健康倡议（WHI）的一部分，共有20900名50至79岁的女性参加了这项研究。妇女健康倡议由美国国家健康研究所发起，旨在分析绝经后女性和影响这些女性健康的因素。研究者将所有女性按身高分成五组，最矮的一组身高低于5英尺1英寸（约155cm），并按组对比他们患癌症的比例。Theydiscoveredthatforevery10centimetersofheight,awoman’sriskofdevelopingarangeofdifferentcancersincreasedby13%.Whentheylookedatallthecancerstogether,theyfoundthattallerwomenhada13%to17%greaterriskofdevelopingmelanoma,breastcancer,ovariancancer,endometrialcancerandcoloncancer.Theyalsohada23%to29%greaterriskofdevelopingkidney,rectum,thyroidandbloodcancers.Allofthecancersshowedapositiveassociationwithheight;noneofthetallerwomenshowedalowerriskofcancercomparedtotheirshortercounterparts.结果他们发现，测试组身高增加10cm，女性患各种肿瘤的几率就增加13%。从患癌人群分析，研究者发现身材高的女性患黑素瘤、乳腺癌、卵巢癌、子宫内膜癌、结肠癌的几率要高出13%-17%。另外他们还发现，身材高的女性肾脏，直肠，甲状腺，和血液患肿瘤的风险要比身高矮的女性高23%-29%。所有种类的肿瘤都与身高成正比；没有任何一个高个女性比矮个女性患癌几率低。Whiletheconnectionseemsodd,previousstudieshaveexposedthesameassociation;it’spossible,forexample,thatonthemostbasiclevel,thegreaternumberofcellsandtissuesthattallerpeoplepossesssimplyincreasestheoddsthatsomeofthosecellswilldevelopabnormallyandbecomemalignant.Alternatively,someofthesameprocessesthatfuelthegrowththatcontributestoheightmayalsofeedtumors.尽管这种联系看似奇怪，但是之前已经有类似的研究表明了相似的关联性：有可能是，在细胞层面上，由于身高高的人体内的细胞数和组织数也会比矮个多，因此高个体内细胞发