Solid waste management practices and review of rec.pdf
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WasteManagement23(2003)425–432www.elsevier.com/locate/wasmanSolidwastemanagementpracticesandreviewofrecoveryandrecyclingoperationsinTurkeyE.Metin*,A.Ero¨ztu¨rk,C.NeyimC¸EVKO,EnvironmentalProtectionandPackagingWasteRecovery.&RecyclingTrust,CenapS¸ehabettinSokakNo94,Kos¸yolu,Kadıko¨y,81020Istanbul,TurkeyAccepted2May2003AbstractThispaperprovidesageneraloverviewofsolidwastedataandmanagementpracticesemployedinTurkeyduringthelastdecade.Municipalsolidwastestatisticsandmanagementpracticesincludingwasterecoveryandrecyclinginitiativeshavebeenevaluated.Detaileddataonsolidwastemanagementpracticesincludingcollection,recoveryanddisposal,togetherwiththeresultsofcostanalyses,havebeenpresented.BasedontheseevaluationsbasiccostestimationsoncollectionandsortingofrecyclablesolidwasteinTurkeyhavebeenprovided.TheresultsindicatethatthehouseholdsolidwastegenerationinTurkey,percapita,isaround0.6kg/year,whereasmunicipalsolidwastegenerationiscloseto1kg/year.Themajorconstituentsofmunicipalsolidwasteareorganicinnatureandapproximately1/4ofmunicipalsolidwasteisrecyclable.Separatecollectionprogrammesforrecyclablehouseholdwastebymorethan60municipalities,continuinginexcessof3years,demonstratesolidevidenceforpublicacceptanceandcontinuingsupportfromthecitizens.Opinionpollsindicatethatmorethan80%ofthepopulationintheprojectregionsisreadyandwillingtoparticipateinseparatecollectionprogrammes.TheanalysisofoutputdataoftheMaterialRecoveryFacilitiesshowsthat,althoughpaper,includingcardboard,isthemainconstituent,thecompositionofrecyclablewastevariesstronglybythesourceorthetypeofcollectionpoint.#2003ElsevierLtd.Allrightsreserved.1.IntroductionTurkey.Thisstudycanbeassumedasasummaryoflong-standingeffortsinestablishingreliablefiguresonImplementationofappropriatesolidwastemanage-solidwastecharacteristicsofTurkey.mentpracticesrequiresreliablewastestatistics.Thedatashouldrepresentasufficientlylongtimeframe(usuallymorethanafewyears),withrelativelyshort2.SolidwastemanagementinTurkeymeasurem