游褒禅山记游褒禅山记【教学目的】&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp理解：领会前人关于“志”、“力”、“物”三者关系看法的精神实质，记住做学问要“深思慎取”的告诫，学习他们不相信旧说，有疑必察的精神和强调实践，反对主观臆断的态度。&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp积累：丰富学生有关文言文的诵读知识，培养诵读文言文的习惯。&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp了解几种文言句式，特别是宾语前置句。&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp运用：辨析几种常见的修辞格。&nbsp【教学重点与难点】&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp1、诵读知识及诵读习惯的培养。&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp2、理解“志”、“力”、“物”三者关系，体会“深思慎取”的重要性；&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp3、作者略写仆碑、前洞，详写后洞，与全文主旨的关系；&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp4、掌握“观”、“名”、“文”、“求”等词的意义和用法；了解“其”的不同用法；【知识点】（除重点难点之外）&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp1、读准难字字音，掌握异读的三个类别；&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp2、读准文言句子，不要读破句；3、了解文言虚词在表达语气、传达感情上的作用。【教学方法】&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp串讲法、诵读法、多媒体。&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp第一课时&nbsp【教学步骤】&nbsp1、解题：①&nbsp本文体裁:游记散文；②全文内容:通过游山，阐发两点感想。&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp2、范读全文，自读。&nbsp3、逐段辨析有关文言实词、虚词和句式。（网页对照译文，辨析疑难）&nbsp&nbsp第一段：&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp①读准下列词语的字音：浮图、庐冢、漫、华、谬等。&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp②译句：距洞百余步，有碑仆道，其文漫灭，独其为文犹可识，曰“花山”。&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp③分析“其”字的用法。&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp④找出名词用作动词的例句。&nbsp第二段：&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp①找出名词作状语的例子：侧出&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp②找出开窍词作动词的例子：穷、明。&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp③解词：旷、拥、怠、加、咎、极等。&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp④不要读破句：“而余亦悔之……之乐也。”第三段：&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp①辨析：“焉”、“而”、“也”等虚词用法。&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp②解词：观、得、非常、至于等。&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp③读准音：“相之”&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp④口译本段第四段：&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp①标出下列句子的语中停顿处：“后世”句&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp②悲夫FU&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp第五段：&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp①找出假借字；②找出判断句、省略句。4、作业：&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp背诵全文。&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp第二课时【教学步骤】1、分段讨论问题：①第一自然段记了什么？有什么特点？&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp提示：记所游山名，交待“褒禅”山名之由来，介绍华山洞的位置及命名原因，考证“华山”原名叫“花山”。作者记游时，并不沉醉于山水之中，而重在考察事物的原委，正是为下文“谬其传”埋下伏笔，已有“慎取”之意。②第二段记叙游华山洞的经过，哪些详写，哪些略写？为什么这样处理材料？&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp提示：写游前洞，惜墨如金，一笔带过；写游后洞，泼墨如水，详加介绍。这样剪裁，是为下