第34卷第8期环境科学Vol．34，No．8，2013年8月ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCEAug．2013饮用水水源地严格管理水质的对策分析———对实行严格水资源管理问题上的看法和建议傅国伟(清华大学环境学院，北京100084)摘要:2012年1月国务院发布了《关于实行最严格水资源管理制度的意见》，这是众所关注的要事，实行了最严格水资源管理的原则精神以及确定县级以上政府负总责的规定．但对如何严格管理的技术路线和对策措施上，特针对现实中存在的主要问题提出以下3点看法和建议:①达到地面水环境质量Ⅱ类水质的饮用水水源地不一定未受污染;②保护区内企业车间排水口符合第一类污染物最高允许排放浓度规定是满足饮用水水源地要求的必要条件;③《地面水环境质量标准》(GB3838-2002)对第一类污染物规定的Ⅱ类水质，是否体现了水环境背景值有较大存疑．关键词:饮用水水源地;地面水环境质量;水环境背景值;企业车间排污总量达标中图分类号:X52文献标识码:A文章编号:0250-3301(2013)08-3334-05CountermeasuresforStrictWaterQualityManagementofDrinkingWaterSources:SomeThoughtsandSuggestionsonImplementingStrictWaterResourcesManagementFUGuo-wei(SchoolofEnvironMent，TsinghuaUniversity，Beijing100084，China)Abstract:SuggestionsonCarryingOutStrictManageMentRegulationsofWaterResourceswereproMulgatedbytheStateCouncilinJanuary，2012．ThisisaniMportantissuewhichhasdrawnpublicattention．Istronglysupporttheprincipleandspiritoftheregulations，aswellastherequestthatgovernMentsabovethecountylevelbeartheoverallManageMentresponsibility．However，astothetechnicalrouteofandcounterMeasuresforachievingstrictManageMent，severalprobleMsexistinreality．Relevantopinionsandsuggestionsaregiveninthispaper(thepaperfocusesexclusivelyondrinkingwatersourceswhichareMostinneedofstrictprotectionandManageMent)．Mainopinionsareasfollows．①ThesourcesofdrinkingwaterMeetingtheClassⅡstandardinSurfaceWaterEnvironMentQualityStandards(GB3838-2002)Maynotnecessarilybeunpolluted;②Anecessaryconditionforprotectingdrinkingwatersourcesisthattheeffluentsofenterprises'workshopsdischargedintotheconservationzoneshouldMeettheregulationontheperMittedMaxiMuMconcentrationofpriority-IpollutantsdefinedintheIntegratedWastewaterDischargeStandard(GB8978-1996);③ThereisastrongdoubtaboutwhetherClassⅡstandardinGB3838-2002forpriorityIpollutantsreflectsenvironMentalbackgroundvaluesinwater．Keywords:drinkingwatersources;surfacewaterenvironMentquality;environMentalbackgroundvaluesinwater;totalloadreachingpollutantsdischargestandardsforenterprises'workshops展