2Na+2H2O=2NaOH+H2↑2Na+2H2O=2Na++2OH-+H2↑2NaOH+CO2=Na2CO3+H2O2OH-+CO2=CO32-+H2ONa2CO3+H2O+CO2=2NaHCO3CO32-+H2O+CO2=2HCO3-2NaHCO3Na2CO3+H2O+CO2↑NaHCO3+NaOH=Na2CO3+H2OHCO3-+OH-=CO32-+H2ONa2CO3+Ca(OH)2=CaCO3↓+2NaOHCO32-+Ca2+=CaCO3↓2Na+O2Na2O22Na2O2+2H2O=4NaOH+O2↑2Na2O2+2H2O=4Na++4OH-+O2↑2Na2O2+2CO2=2Na2CO3+O2↑Na2CO3+2HCl==2NaCl+H2O+CO2↑NaHCO3+HCl==NaCl+H2O+CO2↑电解2Na+Cl2==2NaCl2NaCl===2Na+Cl2↑2Al+6HCl=2AlCl3+3H2↑2Al+6H+=2Al3++3H2↑2Al+2H2O+2NaOH=2NaAlO2+3H2↑2Al+2H2O+2OH-=2AlO2-+3H2↑4Al+3O22Al2O3AlCl3+3NH3H2O=Al(OH)3↓+3NH4ClAl3++3NH3H2O=Al(OH)3↓+3NH4+AlCl3+3NaOH=Al(OH)3↓+3NaClAl3++3OH-=Al(OH)3↓Al(OH)3+NaOH=NaAlO2+2H2OAl(OH)3+OH-=AlO2-+2H2OAl(OH)3+3HCl=AlCl3+3H2OAl(OH)3+3H+=Al3++3H2O2Al(OH)3Al2O3+3H2ONaAlO2+HCl+H2O=Al(OH)3↓+NaClAlO2-+H++H2O=Al(OH)3↓Al2O3+6HCl=2AlCl3+3H2OAl2O3+6H+=2Al3++3H2O电解Al2O3+2NaOH=2NaAlO2+H2OAl2O3+2OH-=2AlO2-+H2O2Al2O3=====4Al+3O2↑Fe+2HCl=FeCl2+H2↑Fe+2H+=Fe2++H2↑2FeCl2+Cl2=2FeCl32Fe2++Cl2=2Fe3++2Cl-2FeCl3+Fe=3FeCl22Fe3++Fe=3Fe2+Fe3O4+8HCl=4H2O+2FeCl3+FeCl2Fe3O4+8H+=4H2O+2Fe3++Fe2+FeSO4+2NaOH=Fe(OH)2↓+Na2SO4Fe2++2OH-=Fe(OH)2↓4Fe(OH)2+O2+2H2O=4Fe(OH)3（白色沉淀逐渐变为灰绿色，最后变为红褐色）FeCl3+3NaOH=Fe(OH)3↓+3NaClFe3++3OH-=Fe(OH)3↓FeCl3+3KSCN=Fe(SCN)3+3KClFe3++3SCN-=Fe(SCN)32Fe+3Cl22FeCl3②Cl2+CuCuCl2Cl2+H2O=HCl+HClOCl2+H2O=H++Cl-+HClOH2+Cl22HClCl2+2NaOH=NaCl+NaClO+H2OCl2+2OH-=Cl-+ClO-+H2O2Cl2+2Ca(OH)2=CaCl2+Ca(ClO)2+2H2OCl2+2KI=I2+2KClCl2+2I-=I2+2Cl-MnO2+4HCl(浓)Cl2↑+MnCl2+2H2OMnO2+4H++2Cl-=Mn2++Cl2↑+2H2OH2+Cl22HClS+O2SO2②2SO2+O22SO3SO2+H2O=H2SO3SO2使品红溶液褪色，褪色后的溶液加热后恢复红色。SO3+H2O=H2SO42H2SO3+O2=2H2SO4Cu+2H2SO4(浓)CuSO4+SO2↑+2H2OC+2H2SO4(浓)CO2↑+2SO2↑+2H2OC12H22O1112C+11H2O（浓硫酸使蔗糖、纸张、木条炭化，体现浓硫酸的脱水性）4NH3+5O24NO+6H2ON2+O22NON2+3H22NH32NO+O2=2NO23NO2+H2O=2HNO3+NOCu+4HNO3(浓)=Cu(NO3)2+2NO2↑+2H2O3Cu+8HNO3(稀)=3Cu(NO3)2+2NO↑+4H2O3Cu+8H++2NO3-=3Cu2++2NO↑+4H2ONH3+H2ONH3·H2ONH3·H2ONH3↑+H2ONH4ClNH3↑+HClNH3+HCl=NH4ClNH4HCO3NH3↑+CO2↑+H2OCa(OH)2+2NH4ClCaCl2+2NH3↑+2H2OSi+O2SiO2SiO2+2NaOH=Na2SiO3+H2OSiO2+CaOCaSiO3Na2SiO3+2HCl=H2