大学英语综合教程第二版第四册Unit1TextB课文原文及翻译-第一文库 | 海量文档资源下载与分享平台

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大学英语综合教程第二版第四册Unit1TextB课文原文及翻译TheNormandyLandingsThelargestandmostambitiousmili-taryexpeditioninhistorywastheinva-sionofNormandyinnorthernFrancebyBritish,AmericanandCanadianforcesthattookplaceinthesummerof1944.Evennatureplayedarole.lttookmorethanayearformilitaryplannerstoorchestrateeverymovementoftroops,artillery,shipsandaircraftandtoseteverythinginplaceforthemovethatwastoopenupasecondfrontinEurope.ThiswouldliberateFranceandopenthewayforthefinalassaultonGer-manyitself.Everythingwascontrolled;rightdowntotheplacementofmilitarydecoysacrosstheEnglishChanneltofooltheGermansintothinkingtheattackwouldcomefromBritain'sclosestpointtoFranceatPasdeCalais3ratherthaninNormandyasplanned.Everythingwascontrolled,thatis,excepttheweather.D-Day,thecodenamegiventothedayofinvasion,wasoriginallyscheduledfor5June1944.Thisdatehadbeenar-rivedatbyconsideringtwofactors-moonlightandtide.Thehourofthein-vasionwouldneedtobenearsunrise,whentheseabornetroopswouldhavearisingtide.Thiswouldenablethemtolandclosetotheobstaclesthathadbeenplacedtohindertheirlandingwithoutcomingashoreontopofthem.Theparatroopersneededafullmoonforvisibility.Thedayswiththepropertide-moonlightformulaclosesttothetargetdatewere5,6and7June.(1)ThefifthwaschosenforD-DaytoallowasafetymarginincasetheattackneededtobepostponedInadditiontomoonlightandfavorabletides,calmseaswereneededforthecrossing.(2)ButanunusuallystormytransitionfromspringtowardsummerthatyearheldoutlittlehopethattherewouldbeasuitablebreakintheweatherItalsomeantthepossibilitythatOperationOverlord,astheinvasionwascalled,mighthavetobepostponeduntillaterintheyearoreventhefollowingyear.ZWiththearrivalof5June,theweatherwassobadthatGeneralEisenhower4,supremecommanderoftheinvasionforces,wasforcedtopostponetheinvasionbyoneday.Whenhemetwithhisstafftoreviewtheiroptions,theywerefacedwiththegrimrealitythat6JunedidnotlookmuchbetterthantheoriginalD-Day.Themeteorologicalre-portgaveathinrayofhopethatalullinthestormwouldallowenoughtimeto.launch