海商法（CMC）船舶优先权第二十一条船舶优先权，是指海事请求人依照本法第二十二条的规定，向船舶所有人、光船承租人、船舶经营人提出海事请求，对产生该海事请求的船具有优先受偿的权利。Article21Amaritimelienistherightoftheclaimant,subjecttotheprovisionsofArticle22ofthisCode,totakepriorityincompensationagainstshipowners,bareboatcharterersorshipoperatorswithrespecttotheshipwhichgaverisetothesaidclaim.受优先权担保的债权与其他债权的受偿顺序maritimelien>possessorylien（船舶留置权）>shipmortgage(船舶抵押权)具有船舶优先权的海事请求Paymentclaimsforwages（工资）,otherremuneration（其他劳动报酬）,crewrepatriation（船员遣返费用）andsocialinsurancecostsmadebytheMaster（船长）,crewmembers（船员）andothermembersClaimsinrespectoflossoflifeorpersonalinjuryoccurredintheoperationoftheship在船舶营运中发生的人身伤亡的赔偿请求Paymentclaimsforship'stonnagedues(船舶吨税),pilotagedues（引航费）,harbourdues（港务费）andotherportcharges;Paymentclaimsforsalvagepayment;（海难救助费）Compensationclaimsforlossofordamagetopropertyresultingfromtortiousactinthecourseoftheoperationoftheship.船舶在营运中因侵权行为产生的财产赔偿请求船舶优先权的消灭具有船舶优先权的海事请求，自优先权产生之日起满一年不行使；Themaritimeclaimattachedbyamaritimelienhasnotbeenenforcedwithinoneyearoftheexistenceofsuchmaritimelien;船舶经法院强制出售；Theshipinquestionhasbeenthesubjectofaforcedsalebythecourt;船舶灭失。Theshiphasbeenlost.船舶优先权不因船舶所有权的转让而消灭。但是，船舶转让时，船舶优先权自法院应受让人申请予以公告之日起满六十日不行使的除外。Article26Maritimeliensshallnotbeextinguishedbyvirtueofthetransferoftheownershipoftheship,exceptthosethathavenotbeenenforcedwithin60daysofapublicnoticeonthetransferoftheownershipoftheshipmadebyacourtattherequestofthetransfereewhenthetransferwaseffected.船舶所有权、船舶抵押权（mortgageofship）需要登记，否则不得对抗第三人(athirdparty)船员crew海上货物运输合同ContractofCarriageofGoodsbySea：acontractunderwhichthecarrier,againstpaymentoffreight,undertakestocarrybyseathegoodscontractedforshipmentbytheshipperfromoneporttoanother.承运人carrier托运人shipper收货人consignee货物goodsCharterparties航次租船合同Voyagecharter(VOYAGEC/P):acharterpartyunderwhichtheshipownerchartersoutandthechartererchartersinthewholeorpartoftheship'sspaceforthecarriagebyseaoftheintendedgoodsfromoneporttoanotherandthechartererpaystheagreedamountoffreight.定期租船合同timecharterparty（