非谓语动词形式：它有三种形式：不定式(todo)，分词（现在分词doing、过去分词done），动名词(doing)定义：在句子中不是谓语动词叫做非谓语动词..在句中可起名词,形容词,副词的作用,在句中充当主语,宾语,表语,补语,定语或状语.即动词的非谓语形式除了不能独立作谓语外,可以承担句子的任何成分动词不定式的基本形式1作主语Tofinishtheworkintenminutesisveryhard.动词不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语不定式置于句后，例如上面一句可用如下形式：Itisveryhardtofinishtheworkintenminutes.常用句式:1、Ittakessb.+sometime+todo2、It+be+形容词+for/ofsb+todo2.作表语3.作宾语[例1]NMET2000第19题2)介词宾语（but)a.IhavenothingtodobutwatchTV.b.Hedidnothingbutplaycards.c.Hehasnochoicebuttostaybehind.cannotbutdocannothelpbutdocannotchoosebutdo3)v+it+o.c+todo动词不定式作宾语，后面有宾语补足语的时候必须用it做宾语，将真正的宾语放在后面。a.Hethinksitimportanttoworkhardb.Iconsideritnecessarytocleanourclassroomeveryday.4.作定语a.Manager,doyouhaveanythingtobetyped?b.Asatypist,doyouhaveanythingtotypenow?c.Iamfreenow.Doyouhaveanythingtotype?d.Pleasegivemeanappletoeat.e.Theywillmakesomecandlestogivelight.f.Haveyouanythingtosend？（自己寄）g.Haveyouanythingtobesent?(别人寄）其它的情况：1）如果是序数词或者中心词被序数词修饰，用不定式作定语a.IwasthefirstwomantotravelaloneattheNorthpole.b.Shanghaiisthefirstcityintheworldtohavebuiltahigh—speedmaglevtrain.c.Heisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.d.Womenandchildrenwerethefirsttogetintothelifeboats.e.Thelastonetocomepaysthebill.2)a.Theyhaveaniceroomtolivein.Theyhaveaniceroominwhichtolive.b.Pleasegivemeaknifetocutwith..Pleasegivemeaknifewithwhichtocut.c.Ihavenopentowritewith.Ihavenopenwithwhichtowrite.d.Sheisthegirltogotoschoolwith..Sheisthegirlwithwhomtogotoschool.大家看看这些句子有什么特点？由此可以看出：作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词或者不定式修饰的名词/代词是不定式的地点、工具等，不定式后面必须用一个介词。3)名词是抽象名词，用不定式作定语，常见的有：ability,chance,idea,excuse，reply,belief,reason,attempt等。a.Hehastheabilitytoreadandwrite.b.Ihavenochancetogotocollege.请大家自己想些例句。Who?请翻译下面的句子：a.Theoldmanhasagirllookafterhim.b.Theoldmanhasagirltolookafterhim.c.Theoldmanhasagirltolookafter.d.Theoldmanhasagirltobelookedafter.e.Theoldmanhasagirllookedafter.5.作宾语补足语一个动词的后面带有一个宾语意思仍然不完整时如果用动词进行补充说明就要用动词不定式（作宾语补足语）。如：tellsb.todosth.asksb.todosth.ordersb.todosth.但是：“吾看三室两厅一感觉”5看-(see,watc