2022下CATTI真题解析（英译汉-二级笔译）01第一篇01Thelaborforceisthetotalnumberofpeople(agesixteenandolder)employedandunemployed.Theunemploymentrateisthepercentageofthelaborforceunemployedbutlookingforwork.Theunemploymentrateisafungibleitem.劳动力指就业和失业人群（16岁及以上）的数量总和。失业率指失业但正在找工作的人群在劳动力中的占比。失业率是个灵活的指标。Previously,thegovernmentgaugedunemploymentbythenumberofpeoplewhofiledunemploymentclaimsinagivenmonth.However,becausemanypeoplewhoareorbecomeunemployedbythetechnicaldefinition—thatis,theyarelookingforwork—don’tqualifyforunemploymentbenefits,theresultwasaseriousundercountingoftheunemployed.过去，政府根据特定月份的失业申请人数来衡量失业率。然而，根据失业的严格定义（即“正在找工作”这一定义），许多正在失业或已经失业的人并不具备申领失业救济金的资格，因而实际失业人数要远大于预估人数。▋解析：1.afungibleitemfungible/ˈfʌn.dʒ.ə.bəl/最常见的意思是：easytoexchangeortradeforsomethingelseofthesametypeandvalue易于（与同类或同价物品）交换/交易的例如：fungiblegoods/commodities易于交易的货物／商品在文中表示readilychangeabletoadapttonewsituations灵活的相当于flexible。2.thegovernmentgaugedunemploymentbygauge/ɡeɪdʒ/表示tocalculateanamount,especiallybyusingameasuringdevice（尤指用测量仪器）测量，计量，测算用法：gaugesth【例句】Useathermometertogaugethetemperature.用温度计测量一下温度。它也有“估量”的含义。【例句】Itriedtogauge(=guess)theweightofthebox.我试着估量箱子有多重。3.bythetechnicaldefinition许多小伙伴看到technical就想当然地翻成“技术的”。实际上，它有个含义是basedonormarkedbyastrictorlegalinterpretation严格按照法律意义的一般翻成“严格的”即可。4.theresultwasaseriousundercountingoftheunemployedundercounting是undercount的动名词形式，表示：tocountfewerpeopleorthingsthantherereallyare少计为了让译文更加通顺明了，这里将theresult翻译成“预估人数”，将“预估人数严重少计了失业人数”转换成“实际失业人数要远大于预估人数”。5.其他词汇：laborforce劳动力unemploymentrate失业率unemploymentbenefits失业救济金02NowtheUnitedStatesreliesonthemonthlyCurrentPopulationSurveyfromtheCommerceDepartment,whichprovidesamorecomprehensivesetofnumbersbasedonhouseholdpolls.Notethattobeofficiallyunemployed,aworkermustbeseekingemployment.Peoplewithoutjobswhoaren’tlookingforworkbecausetheydon’tthinkanyexistshave,ineffect,droppedoutofthelaborforceandbecomediscouragedworkers.如今，美国政府根据商务部每月发布的