同位语从句讲练(公开课课件)同位语是句子成分的一种,它位于名词、代词后面,说明它们的性质和情况,它可以由名词、代词、名词性短语或从句充当。同位语的表现形式有以下几种：(1)名词Tom,ourmonitor,isahandsomeboy.(2)代词Imyselfwilldotheexperiment.(3)数词Sheistheoldestamongthemsix.(4)从句Hetoldmethenewsthattheplanehadexploded.他告诉我飞机爆炸的消息。(5)由suchas,thatis引导Somesubjects,suchasmathsandphysics,areverydifficulttolearn.某些学科,例如数学和物理,是很难学的。(6)由or引导Thefreezingtemperature,orfreezingpoint,isthetemperatureatwhichwaterfreezesunderordinarypressure.结冰温度即冰点,是水在常压下结冰时的温度。同位语从句theAppositiveclause(1)同位语从句的定义在复合句中跟在一个名词或代词后，对其做进一步解释说明的从句。同位语从句是名词性从句的一种，在句中充当同位语大家有疑问的，可以询问和交流它一般放在fact,news,idea,truth,hope,problem,information,belief,thought,doubt,promise,question，suggestion等名词的后面,对前面的名词作进一步的解释,说明前面名词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的引导词有连词that,连接副词how,when,where,whether,what等。e.g.Thehopethathemayrecoverisnotgoneyet.Theproblemwhetherweshouldcontinuetodotheexperimenthasbeensolved.Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomeback.1.同位语从句有时被别的词或短语把它和名词隔开：2.同位语从句中使用虚拟语气的情况⑵同位语从句的表现形式:①由that引导-Thefactthatyouhaven’tenoughtimetodotheworkissimplyunbelievable.-Thehopethathemaycomehereisnotgoneyet.-ThenewsthathehasbeenelectedpresidentoftheUnitedStatesistrue.-Thetruththatheavyobjectsandlightobjectsfallatthesamespeedisknowntoall.-Theproblemthatshelaterdevelopedaseriouslungdiseasebotheredscientists.②由whether引导---Thequestionwhetherweneedmoretimetodotheworkhasnotbeendiscussed.③由when引导---Ihavenoideawhentheywillgo.④其它特殊形式有时可用namely(即),thatistosay(也就是说),inotherwords(换句话说),thatis(那就是),forexample等引出同位语,说明其前面的名词或代词。有时同位语直接跟在名词或代词的后面。---Hetoldusthegoodnews,namely,themuseumisopentoall.---ThereisonlyonewayofimprovingyourEnglish,thatis,topracticemore.---AltogetherDollyhadlivedforsixyears,halfthelengthofthelifeoftheoriginalsheep.（3）同位语从句与定语从句的区别:同位语从句与定语从句在使用中常常混淆,我们可以从以下几个方面区别它们:①同位语从句说明的名词大都是抽象名词,对其起到解释说明具体内容的作用，与其前面的名词是同位关系;定语从句所修饰、限定的名词或代词有抽象的也有不抽象的，对其起修饰限定的作用，与其前面的名词是修饰与被修饰的关系。---WeexpressthehopethattheywillcometovisitChinaagain.(同位语从句)---Thosewhowanttogopleasesigntheirnameshere.(定语从句)②引导同位语从句的that在句中不充当任何成分但不能省略；