要背的科普文.docx
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要背的科普文.docx

要背的科普文.docx

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Mostpeopleareawarethatoutdoorairpollutioncandamagetheirhealth,butmanydonotknowthatindoorairpollutioncanalsohavesignificanthealtheffects.EnvironmentalProtectionAgencystudiesindicatethatindoorlevelsofpollutantsmaybe2~5times,andoccasionallymorethan100times,higherthanoutdoorlevels.Theselevelsofindoorairpollutantsmaybeofparticularconcernbecausemostpeoplespendabout90%oftheirtimeindoors.Therearemanysourcesofindoorairpollutioninanyhome.Theseincludecombustionsourcessuchasoil,gas,coal,wood,andtobaccoproducts;buildingmaterialsandfurnishingsasdiverseasdeterioratedasbestos-containinginsulation,wetordampcarpet,andcabinetryorfurnituremadeofcertainpressedwoodproducts;productsforhouseholdcleaningandmaintenance,personalcare,orhobbies;centralheatingandcoolingsystemsandhumidificationdevices;andoutdoorsourcessuchasradon,pesticides,andoutdoorairpollution.Immediateeffectsmayshowupafterasingleexposureorrepeatedexposures.Theseincludeirritationoftheeyes,nose,andthroat,headaches,dizziness,andfatigue.Suchimmediateeffectsareusuallyshort-termandtreatable.Sometimesthetreatmentissimplyeliminatingtheperson'sexposuretothesourceofthepollution,ifitcanbeidentified.Symptomsofsomediseases,includingasthma,hypersensitivity,pneumonitis,andfever,mayalsoshowupsoonafterexposuretosomeindoorairpollutants.Thelikelihoodofimmediatereactionstoindoorairpollutantsdependsonseveralfactors.Ageandpreexistingmedicalconditionsaretwoimportantinfluences.Inothercases,whetherapersonreactstoapollutantdependsonindividualsensitivity,whichvariestremendouslyfrompersontoperson.Somepeoplecanbecomesensitizedtobiologicalpollutantsafterrepeatedexposures,anditappearsthatsomepeoplecanbecomesensitizedtochemicalpollutantsaswell.Certainimmediateeffectsaresimilartothosefromcoldsorotherviraldiseases,soitisoftendifficulttodetermineifthesymptomsarearesultofexposuretoindoorairpollution.Forthisreason,itisimportanttopayattentiontothetimeandplacethesymptomsoccur.Ifthesymptomsfadeorgoawaywhenapersonisawayfromthehomeandreturnwhenthepersonreturns,aneffo