孰优孰劣译文.doc
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孰优孰劣译文.doc

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SuperiororInferiorTheabovetwostoriesseemlyhavenoconnections,butinfact,thetwohaveprofoundallocations.Christianphilosophyholdsthatpeopleareoriginalsin,andtheyfirmlybelievethatthehumannatureisevil,sotheyadvocateusesystemsandlawstorestrainthepeople.Withagoodregime,thebadguyswoulddoagoodturn;whilewithabadregime,thegoodmenwoulddobadthings.Chinesebelieveinthegoodnessofothers.EveryonecanbeYaoorShun,throughmoraleducation.Thesystemdoesn’tmeaneverything.Nomatterhowstrictthesystemis,itisformulatedandimplementedbyhuman.Ifpeoplebecomeevils,systemsandlawswouldbenothing.Thus,Chinesepayattentiontoethicalculture,tosolvethebasicmattersofheartscompletelyandthoroughly,Confucianismisasciencethattoteachpeoplehowtobeaman---especiallybeagoodman.Holdingtheviewofthegoodhumannature,theypayattentiontomoraleducationcertainly;holdingtheviewofthevicioushumannature,ofcourse,theypayattentiontocontrolanddiscipline.Sinceancienttime,Chinahasmadeparticularsystemsandlawsinallaspects.Althoughthewesternreligiousmakeeffectstomoraleducation,thatistosay,whetherinancienttimeormoderntimechinaandforeigncountriesareimplementbothsystemandenlightenmentsinsocialmanagement.However,thereisnodoubtthatChinapaysmoreattentiontomoraleducationanditismoralitythatgoesdeeplyintotheChinese’soul;Westernpaymoreattentiontolegalpunishmentanditisthelegalconsciousnessthatgoesdeeplyintothewesternerheart.Thatisthebasicunderstandingofmentwodifferentsocialsystemsandculturalconcepts.Inthetwodifferentsystems,thekeyoftheproblemisthebigdifferenceofenjoyingandusingthefreedom.Inthepremiseoftheevilhumannature,theWesternlegalsystemcandoalotofpreventionsandcontainmentoftheevilinhumannature.Ifhumanitycannotbeguaranteed,itatleastcancurbtheevilside.Becauseofthelegalprotection,individualcanenjoythemaximumtrustfromcountryandsocietywithinrules,sotheycanenjoymorefreedom.However,theAmericanlawsdeeplyinfluenceallaspectsofdailylife,andseepandreplacemorality,thecommonsenseoflifeeventhefieldoflivinghabitsandfunctions,whichshockseverybodyforitswide