词word词素morpheme自由词素freemorpheme粘附词素boundmorpheme简单词simpleword,morphemeword(单词素词)词根root派生词derivative屈折词缀inflectionalaffix派生词缀derivationalaffix前缀prefix后缀suffix粘附词根boundroot词素变体allomorph原始派生词primitivederivative复合词poundwordpoundingform新古典复合词neoclassicalpound复合连词poundconjunction封闭词类closedclass开放词类openclass功能词functionword实义词contentword调核nucleus(语调核心,就是一个调组中显示音调抑扬变化(降、升、降升ˇ或升降＾)得强重读音节。与调组中其它音节相对而言,调核得音调最高,音幅最阔,动态变化最大,因而就是语流中听觉效果最显著得音段。一个调组可以没有调冠、调头或调尾,但不能没有调核。分析性语言analyticlanguage强调词emphasizer并列连词coordinator近似并列连词quasicoordinator从属连词subordinator简单从属连词simplesubordinator即单词从属连词onewordsubordinator复杂从属连词plexsubordinator关联从属连词correlativesubordinator边际从属连词marginalsubordinator关系词relativeword副词性指代词coreferenceproform句子成分membersofsentences主语subject实义主语notionalsubject真主语realsubject谓语predicate宾语object双宾语dualobject直接宾语directobject间接宾语indirectobject复合宾语plexobject同源宾语cognateobject补语plement主补subjectplement宾补objectplement表语predicative定语attribute同位语appositive状语adverbial补足成分plementation(如宾语,补语,状语等)并列谓语poundpredicate双重谓语doublepredicate操作词operator述谓成分predication动词verb主动词mainverb及物动词transitiveverb不及物动词intransitiveverb连系动词linkingverb助动词auxiliaryverb基本助动词primaryauxiliary情态助动词modalauxiliary半助动词semiauxiliary情态动词modalverb规则动词regularverb不规则动词irregularverb短语动词phrasalverb限定动词finiteverb非限定动词infiniteverb使役动词causativeverb感官动词verbofsenses动态动词dynamicverb静态动词stativeverb感叹词exclamation单宾语及物动词monotransitiveverb双宾语及物动词ditransitiveverb复杂宾语及物动词plextransitiveverb实义动词notionalverb单词动词singlewordverb词组动词phrasalverb复合动词poundverb一致agreement,concord主谓一致subjectpredicate(verb)agreement(concord)语法一致grammaticalagreement(concord)概念一致notionalagreement(concord)就近原则principleofproximity名词noun专有名词propernoun普通名词monnoun可数名词countablenoun不可数名词uncountablenoun抽象名词abstractnoun具体名词concretmoun物质名词materialnoun集体名词collectivenoun个体名词individualnoun简单名词simplenoun复合名词poundnoun派生名词derivativenoun连词conjunction单位词partitive又叫单位名词(unitnoun)通性名词nounof