造纸原料概述FourGreatInventionsofAncientChinaPre-PaperMediaEgyptiansandPapyrusImageofapapyrusplanthttp://legacy.earlham.edu/~seidti/iam/tc_pap66.htmlManufactureofpapyrusItisalsopossiblethatthetwolayersweregluedtogether.Whilestillmoist,thetwolayersarehammeredtogether,mashingthelayersintoasinglesheet.Thesheetisthendriedunderpressure.Afterdrying,thesheetofpapyrusispolishedwithsomeroundedobject,possiblyastoneorseashellorroundhardwood.ItiswidelyacceptedthatTs’aiLun,aChinesecourtofficial,inventedpaperin105AD.Ts’aiLun’sPaperDifferencebetweenpaperandpapyrus原料？原料是一切工业生产的基础。造纸原料的基本要求（一）原料质量要好（二）原料资源要丰富、集中（三）原料价格要低廉造纸纤维原料的分类FibersforPapermaking造纸纤维原料中的细胞Thecellisthebasicstructuralandfunctionalunitofallknownlivingorganisms.造纸纤维原料中细胞的功能Conductingandsupportingcellsareelongated,axialcells(按轴向排列).Inhardwoods,theconductingcellsconsistofvesselelements,andthesupportingcellsconsistoffibers.Insoftwoods,tracheidsperformbothofthesefunctions.Conductingcellsandsupportingcellsaredeadcellswhosecellcavitiesarefilledwithwaterandair.Storagecellsconsistofshort,thin-walledparenchyma([pE5reNkimE])cells.植物纤维原料中的细胞类型Theraysofsoftwoodsarecomposedeitherofparenchymacellsaloneorofparenchymacellsandraytracheids.Softwoodsaresimpleandregularintheirstructure.Theirwoodsubstanceiscomposedmainlyoftwokindsofcells:longitudinal([lCndVi5tju:dinl])tracheids([treikiid])andrayparenchyma([pE5reNkimE]).Approximately90-95%ofthewoodvolumeisoccupiedbythelongitudinaltracheids.Tracheids(orfibers)areneedle-likecellswhichtransportfluidsthroughthetreeandprovidesstrength.阔叶木原料中的细胞Vesselcellsaretheprincipalwater-conductingcelltypeoffloweringplants韧皮纤维-Libriform[5laibrE7fC:m]fibers纤维管胞—Fibertracheids导管（阔叶材）草类纤维原料中各种细胞形态如图薄壁细胞竹材原料中各种细胞形态如图（二）纤维原料中纤维细胞的化学组成重点思考和需掌握的问题