TheoriesandSchoolsofModernLinguistics(1)Phonologyandphonologicaloppositions音位学和音位对立ThePragueSchoolisthebestknownforitscontributiontophonologyandthedistinctionbetweenphoneticsandphonology.Trubetzkoy（特鲁别茨柯依）developedthenotionof“phoneme”.3.LondonSchoolThemanwhoturnedlinguisticsintoarecognizeddistinctacademicsubjectinBritainwasJ.R.Firth,thefirstprofessorofGeneralLinguisticsinGreatBritain.FirthwasinfluencedbytheanthropologistB.Malinowski.Inturn,heinfluencedhisstudent,thewell-knownlinguistM.A.K.Halliday.Thethreeallstressedtheimportanceofcontextofsituationandthesystemoflanguage.Thus,LondonSchoolisalsoknownassystemiclinguisticsandfunctionallinguistics.5.Transformational-GenerativeGrammar(1)TheInnatenessHypothesis(2)GenerativeGrammar(3)TheClassicTheory(4)TheStandardTheory(5)TheExtendedStandardTheory(6)LaterTheoriesFirth’ssecondcontributiontolinguisticsishismethodofprosodicanalysis,called____.A.prosodicphonologyB.featuregeometryC.optimalityphonologyD.supersegmentalphonologyAnswer:A107.____practicedaspecialstyleofsynchroniclinguisticsanditsmostimportantcontributiontolinguisticsisthatitseeslanguageintermsoffunction.A.TheLondonSchoolB.AmericanstructuralismC.ThePragueSchoolD.TheTGGrammarAnswer:C89.Thewell-knownformula:Sr…..sRwasputforwardby___.A.BloomfieldB.FirthC.HockettD.HarrisAnswer:A130.TheideaofestablishingaphoneticalphabetwasfirstproposedbytheDanishgrammarian____.A.OttoJespersenB.DanielJonesC.A.J.EllisD.A.M.BellAnswer:AOfthefollowinglinguists,_____shouldbegroupedintoLondonschool.A.FirthB.BloomfieldC.BoasD.TrubetzkoyAnswer:A111.OFthefollowinglinguistics,____shouldbgroupedintoPragueSchool.A.BloomfieldB.SaussureC.JakobsonD.FirthAnswer:C117.Ofthefollowinglinguists,_____shouldnotbegroupedintoAmericanschool.A.FirthB.SapirC.BloomfieldD.BoasAnswer:A139.__D___isoftenregardedasthefounderofthestudyofsociolinguistics.A.SaussureB.HallidayC.ChomskyD.LabovAnswer:D160.Systemic-FunctionalGrammar