第六讲宾语从句讲义（一）宾语从句的种类宾语从句可分为三类。1.由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。可跟that从句做宾语的动词有：say,think,insist,wish,hope,demand,imagine,know,suppose,see,believe,agree,admit,deny,command,feel,dream,hear,notice,declare,report等。例如：Hesaid(that)hewantedtolearnEnglishwell.Shedoesn’tknow(that)sheislateforschool.在以下情况中that不能省略1)当句中的动词后接两个以上由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。Ibelieve（that）youhavedoneyourbestandthatyourEnglishwillgetbetter．2)当it作形式宾语时Shemadeitclearthatshehadnothingtodowithhim．当宾语从句前置时Thatourteamwillwin，Ibelieve．2.由连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词when,where,why,how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：(1)Doyouknow_________________theyarewaitingfor?(2)Heasked____________________Englishwasthebest.(3)Idon’tknow____________________youarelate.(4)---Becareful!Don’tbreakthebottles.Doyouhear______Isaid?David?---Yes,MumA.whatB.thatC.whyD.If(5)---Doyouknow_______MrBlack’saddressis?---HemayliveatNO.18orNo.19ofBridgeStreet.I’mnotsureof______.A.where,whichB.where,whatC.what,whichD.what,where3.由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：Iwanttoknowif(whether)youloveEnglish.Heaskedmewhether(if)hecouldcometoLiYangCrazyEnglish.但在下列情况下只能用whether，不能用if：①直接与ornot连用时，往往用whether如：1.Ididn’tknow_______hewillcomeornot.A.thatB.whetherC.weatherD.how②在介词之后用whether。如：Thisdependson_________theweatherisfine.A.whichB.whetherC.ifD.that③在不定式前用whether。如：Hehasn'tdecidedwhethertovisittheoldman．他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人。Hehasn'tdecidedwhethertogobybusorbytrain．他还未决定是乘公共汽车去还是坐火车去。④若用if会引起歧义时，则用whether。如：Pleaseletmeknowifyoulikethebook．可理解为：Ifyoulikethebook，pleaseletmeknow．你如果喜欢这本书，请告诉我宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。Idon’tknow___________ornot.A.whetherheisathomeB.ifheisathomeC.thatheisathomeD.whetherisheathomeDoyouknow_______?A.whatitisB.whatisitC.whoisheD.whosenameisiDoyouknow_______?A.whosebookisthisB.whosebookthisisC.thisbookiswhoseD.who’sbookthisis（三）宾语从句的时态1.当主句是一般现在时，一般将来时或祈使句时，从句不受主句的限制，根据自身的需要选用相应的时态。例如：Pleasetellus____________________________(他在哪).Canyoutellme_____________