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托福考试阅读模拟试题训练(五)ThewarforindependencefromBritainwasalongandeconomicallycostlyconflict.TheNewEnglandfishingindustrywastemporarilydestroyed,andthetobaccocoloniesintheSouthwerealsohardhit.Thetradeinimportswasseverelyaffected,sincethewarwasfoughtagainstthecountrythathadpreviouslymonopolizedthecolonies’supplyofmanufacturedgoods.Themostseriousconsequenceswerefeltinthecities,whoseexistencedependedoncommercialactivity.Boston,NewYork,Philadelphia,andCharlestonwerealloccupiedforatimebyBritishtroops.Evenwhenthetroopshadleft,Britishshipslurkedintheharborsandcontinuedtodisrupttrade.Americanincomefromshipbuildingandcommercedeclinedabruptly,underminingtheentireeconomyoftheurbanareas.ThedeclineintradebroughtafallintheAmericanstandardofliving.Unemployedshipwrights,docklaborers,andcoopersdriftedofftofindworkonfarmsandinsmallvillages.SomeofthemjoinedtheContinentalarmy,oriftheywereloyaltoBritain,theydepartedwiththeBritishforces.ThepopulationoftheNewYorkCitydeclinedfrom21,000in1774tolessthanhalfthatnumberonlynineyearslaterin1783.Thedisruptionsproducedbythefightingofthewar,bythelossofestablishedmarketsformanufacturedgoods,bythelossofsourcesofcredit,andbythelackofnewinvestmentallcreatedaperiodofeconomicstagnationthatlastedforthenexttwentyyears.1.Whydoestheauthormentionthefishingindustryandthetobacoocolonies?A.toshowhowthewarforindependenceaffectedtheeconomyB.tocomparetheeconomicpoweroftwodifferentregionsC.toidentifythetwolargestcommercialenterprisesinAmericaD.togiveexamplesofindustriescontrolledbyBritishforces2.WhydoestheauthormentionthepopulationofNewYorkCityinparagraph2?A.toshowthathalfofNewYorkremainedloyaltoBritainB.tocompareNewYorkwithothercitiesoccupiedduringthewarC.toemphasizethegreatshort-termcostofthewarforNewYorkD.toillustratethepercentageofhomelesspeopleinNewYork3.Chinesepeoplehadfoughtforindependencefromforeigncountriesformorethan100years;wehadlostlands,powers,resourcesandlivesduringthatperiod.Today,Chinafacesanewchallengethathowthedevelopmentcanmaintain,inotherwords,howC
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