.实用文档.**解剖学anatomy**人体解剖学humananatomy**系统解剖学systematicanatomy,descriptiveanatomy**局部解剖学topographicanatomy,regionalanatomy**应用解剖学appliedanatomy**临床解剖学clinicalanatomy**外科解剖学surgicalanatomy**解剖学姿势anatomicalposition*矢状面sagittalplane*正中矢状面median(ormidsagittal)plane*冠状面〔或额状面〕coronal(orfrontal)plane*横切面〔或水平面〕transverse(orhorizontal)plane前面〔或腹侧面〕anterior(orventral)surface后面〔或背侧面〕posterior(ordorsal)surface上端〔或颅端〕superior(orcranial)end下端〔或尾端〕inferior(orcaudal)end内侧〔尺侧或胫侧〕缘medial(ulnarortibial)border外侧〔桡侧或腓侧〕缘lateral(radialorfibular)border近侧端〔或上端〕proximal(orupper)end远侧端〔或下端〕distal(orlower)end内面internal(orinterior)surface外面external(orexterior)surface浅层superficiallayer深层deeplayer*头head*颅cranium,skull*额front*枕occipit*颞temples*耳ear*面face*眼eye*鼻nose*口mouth唇lip*颈neck,cervix,collum*躯干trunk*背back*胸thorax,chest*腹abdomen脐umbilicus*盆部pelvis四肢limbs,extremities*上肢upperlimb*肩shoulder腋axilla*臂arm*肘elbow*前臂forearm*手hand腕wrist掌palm*鱼际thenar*小鱼际hypothenar*手指finger*拇指thumb示指indexfinger*下肢lowerlimb*髋hip*股〔又称大腿)thigh*膝knee*小腿leg*踝ankle,malleolus*足foot跗tarsus跖sole*趾toe骨及骨连结boneandjoint*骨学osteology**骨骼skeleton*骨骼系统skeletalsystem**骨bone中轴骨axialskeleton附肢骨appendicularskeleton*长骨longbone*短骨shortbone*扁骨flatbone*不规那么骨irregularbone**骨密质compactbonysubstance**骨松质spongybonysubstance**骨膜periosteum骨内膜endosteum*黄骨髓yellowbonymarrow**红骨髓redbonymarrow骺epiphysis骨干diaphysis干骺端metaphysis*骺软骨epiphysialcartilage*骺线epiphysialline滋养孔nutrientforamen髓腔medullarycavity突process棘spine隆起eminence粗隆tuberosity结节tuber,tubercle嵴crest线line窝concavity,fossa凹fovea小凹foveola压迹impression腔cavity窦autrum,sinus管canal,duct孔foramen,opening口mouth,apertura,aditus,ostium裂孔hiatus髁condyle上髁epicondyle缘margin切迹notch,incisura纤维连结fibrousjoint韧带连结syndesmosis缝suture软骨连结cartilaginousjoint**关节articulation,joint**关节面articularsurface关