摘要PAGE\*MERGEFORMATIPAGE\*MERGEFORMATI摘要微生物燃料电池（Microbialfuelcell，MFC）能够在处理污水的同时将污水中蕴含的化学能转化为电能，是一种低能耗的水处理技术，近年来成为环境领域的研究热点。目前制约MFC实际应用的主要因素是成本过高和产电性能偏低。由于电极成本在MFC总成本中所占比例最大，同时电极性能也是决定MFC性能的关键，因此降低电极成本和优化电极性能对于MFC的实用化具有重要意义。本文以推进MFC实用化为目标，筛选用于阳极和生物阴极的廉价填料型电极材料，通过电极材料特性和构型的优化提高其产电性能，并将其应用于放大的MFC装置。本研究选择廉价的半焦和活性炭与传统的石墨和碳毡电极材料进行产电性能对比。用于阳极时，活性炭产电性能最好，半焦较差。导电性过低是限制半焦阳极性能的主要因素。并分析了不同阳极材料表面的产电微生物、产电过程、产电机理和产电能力的区别。本文可为MFC阳极材料优化、产电微生物的富集、MFC构型改造等组合提供思路，其中着重讨论的不同阳极材料对微生物燃料电池的产电性能影响的相关内容，可为筛选廉价、产电效率高的阳极材料，推动微生物燃料电池实用化提供参考。关键词：微生物燃料电池；产电微生物；阳极材料；产电性能；成本；大型化AbstractPAGE\*MERGEFORMATIIPAGE\*MERGEFORMATIAbstractMicrobialfuelcell(MFC)isalowenergy-consumingwatertreatmenttechnologywhichcanpurifywastewaterandsimultaneouslyconvertitschemicalenergy.Inrecentyears,ithasbecomeonehottopicinttheenvironmentfield.ThepracticalapplicationofMFCshasbeenlimited.Duetohighcostsandlowyieldsofpowergeneration.Theelectrodeisthelargestcontribu.TortototalcostofMFCandthekeycomponentindecidingtheMFCperformance.Thuselectrodecostreductionandelectrodeperformanceoptimizationbothhavegreat.SignificanceonpracticalapplicationofMFC.TopushforwardthepracticalapplicationofMFC,inthisdissertationlowcostpackedelectrodematerialsforanodeandbio-cathodewereselected,andtheperformanceofelectrodewasimprovedbyoptimizingelectrodecharacteristicsandconfiguration.ThentheoptimizedelectrodewasusedinalargescaleMFC.Inexpensivesemicokeandactivatedcarbonwereusedaselectrodematerialsandcomparedwithconventionalmaterialsgraphiteandcarbonfelt.Whenusedinanode,activatedcarbonperformedbest,butsemicokehadpoorpowergenerationperformance.Theextremelylowconductivityofsemicokeisthemainlimitationforthelowperformanceofsemicokeanode.toanalyzedifferentanodematerialonthesurfaceoftheelectricigens,electricityproductionprocess,electricitygenerationandelectricitygenerationcapacitydifference,asMFCanodematerialsoptimization,microbialenrichment,MFCconfigurationtransformationandthecombinationofideas,discussedthedifferentanodematerialson