I.中考错误例析在句中出现一些原本没有或本应省略的成分。例1.Thoughtravelingbyairisfastandcomfortablebutitcoststoomuchmoney.×Travelingbyairisfastandcomfortablebutitcoststoomuchmoney.√Thoughtravelingbyairisfastandcomfortableitcoststoomuchmoney.√例2.Becausehewasillyesterdaysohedidn’tgotowork.×Becausehewasillyesterdayhedidn’tgotowork.√Hewasillyesterdaysohedidn’tgotowork.√析用thoughbut表示“虽然……但是……”或用becauseso表示“因为……所以……”时though和but及because和so都只能择一而用不能两者同时使用。例3.MorethanthreehundredspeoplediedintheoilwellaccidentinChongqingin2003.×MorethanthreehundredpeoplediedintheoilwellaccidentinChongqingin2003.√析hundredthousandmillionbillion等词前有具体数词修饰用来表示“确数”时无论数词大小hundred等词都要用单数形式。例4.MyEnglishteacherisa38-yearsoldman.×MyEnglishteacherisa38-year-oldman.√析句中的38-years-old是由数词、名词和形容词一起构成的复合形容词在句中充当定语修饰名词man。复合形容词作定语时其中的名词要用单数形式且各词之间要有连字符“-”。例5.TheSmithshavemovedBeijing.×TheSmithshavemovedtoBeijing.√析不及物动词后接名词或代词作宾语时要在动词之后加上适当的介词但不及物动词后接homeherethere等副词作宾语时动词之后不必加任何介词。例6.Theboxistooheavyforhimtocarryit.×Theboxistooheavyforhimtocarry.√析thebox既是这句话的主语也是不定式tocarry的逻辑宾语若句末再加上it就和thebox重复了。II.“主谓不一致”类错误例析主谓不一致类错误指的是句子的主语和谓语动词在人称和数上不一致而形成的错误。例1.Eachoftheboyshaveapen.×Eachoftheboyshasapen.√析复数名词前有表个体的eachofoneofeveryeitherof等词组修饰或有表否定的neitherofnoneof等词组修饰时谓语动词要用单数形式。例2.NeitherhenoryouisgoodatEnglish.×NeitherhenoryouaregoodatEnglish.√析either...or...neither...nor...notonly...butalso...等词组连接句子的两个主语时谓语动词遵循“就近一致原则”即由靠近谓语的那个主语决定谓语的人称和数用何种形式。例3.Twomonthsarequitealongtime.×Twomonthsisquitealongtime.√析当时间、度量、距离、重量等名词作句子主语时常将其看作一个整体谓语动词要用单数形式。例4.Tenminusthreeareseven.×Tenminusthreeisseven.√析用英语表示加plus、减minus等数学运算时谓语动词也用单数形式。例5.WatchingTVtoomucharebadforyoureyes.×WatchingTVtoomuchisbadforyoureyes.√析不定式、v-ing形式充当句子主语时谓语动词用单数形式例6.Thenumberoftheworkersinthisfactoryareabout5000.×Thenumberoftheworkersinthisfactoryisabout5000.√析thenumberof表示“……的数量”谓语动词用单数形式anumberof的意思是“若干”或“许多”相当于some或alotof和复数名词连用谓语动词用复数形式。III.“词序”、“语序”类错误例析词序、语序类错误指的是单词或句子在排列顺序上不正确也表现为该用陈述语序的用了疑问句语序或该用疑问句语序的用了陈述句语序等情况。例1.HelloIhaveimportantsomethingtotellyou.×HelloIhavesometh