石墨烯及其复合材料（完整版）实用资料(可以直接使用，可编辑完整版实用资料，欢迎下载）Grapheneisthefirstexampleofatruly2Datomiccrystal1.Ithasuniqueelectronic,opticalandmechanicalproperties,andhasalsobeenwidelyinvestigatedforcatalysis,includ-ingelectrocatalysis2,3,photocatalysis4andconventionalheteroge-neouscatalysis5(Table1.Ithas,inparticular,beenshownthatperturbationstotheperfecthexagonalgraphenestructure,suchasdislocations,vacancies,edges(Fig.1a,impurities(Fig.1bandfunctionalgroups(Fig.1c,readilymodifythedensityofstatesingrapheneandpromoteitscatalyticproperties6–9.Recently,other2Datomiccrystals,andtheirpossibleapplicationsincatalysis,haveattractedconsiderableinterest10.Manyoftheselayeredmaterials(forexampleMoS2andWS2havelongbeenusedascatalystsintheir3Dforms.Buttheconsiderablechangesintheelectronicstructureof2Dmate-rialsincomparisonwiththeir3Dbulkstructures,aswellasthepossibilityofchemicalandstructuralmodifications,offernewopportunitiestousethe2Dmaterialsinmanydifferentchemicalreactions.Recentadvancesincreatingheterostructuresbasedon2Datomiccrystals11,12alsoprovidenewpossibilitiesincatalysis.Theabilitytocontroltheelectronicstateatthesurfaceofthecrystalsthroughdifferencesinworkfunction13–16(Fig.1d,thecreationofnanoreactorsinthespacebetweendifferent2Dcrystals17,18(Fig.1eandtheformationofsandwichstructuresbasedondif-ferent2Dcrystals(Fig.1fdeliverunprecedentedflexibilityincontrollingthechemicalreactivityofsuch3Dstacks.InthisReview,webrieflyoverviewrecentadvancesingraphenecatalysisbeforeconcentratingonthecatalyticpropertiesofother2Dmaterialsandthecatalyticpropertiesofheterogeneoussystems,suchasvanderWaalsheterostructuresandcombinationsof2Dmaterials(Table1.Weanalysethenewopportunitiesincatalysisprovidedby2Dcrystals,andthevariousroutes(Fig.1totunetheirelectronicstatesandcorrespondingactivesites.Wealsogobeyondthefundamentalpropertiesofthesestructuresanddiscussthepotentialofusingsuchmaterialsforfutureapplicationsincatalysis.Catalysiswithtwo-dimensionalmaterialsandtheirheterostructuresDehuiDeng1,K.S.Novoselov2