考点知识巩固一、理解常见文言实词在文中的含义1．写出下列通假字的本字，并解释其义《烛之武退秦师》1无能为也已．通________，__________2共其乏困．通________，__________3秦伯说．通________，__________4失其所与，不知．通________，__________《荆轲刺秦王》5秦王必说见臣．通________，__________6往而不反者．通________，__________7燕王诚振怖大王之威．通________，_________8卒起不意．通________，__________9秦王方还柱走．通________，__________《鸿门宴》10皆为龙虎，成五采．通________，__________11距关，毋内诸侯．．通________，__________通________，__________12张良出，要项伯．通________，__________13愿伯具言臣之不敢倍德也．通________，__________14旦日不可不蚤自来谢项王．通________，__________15令将军与臣有郤．通________，__________16项王则受璧，置之坐上．通________，__________2．解释下列句中加点的实词《烛之武退秦师》1且贰于楚也：________________________________________________．2朝济而夕设版焉：____________________________________________．3何厌之有：__________________________________________________．4唯君图之：__________________________________________________．《荆轲刺秦王》5秦之遇将军，可谓深矣：______________________________________．6厚遗秦王宠臣中庶子蒙嘉：____________________________________．7愿举国为内臣，比诸侯之列：_________________________________．8唯大王命之：______________________________________________．9愿大王少假借之，使毕使于前：______________________________．．10未至身，秦王惊，自引而起，绝袖：__________________________．11秦王复击轲，被八创：______________________________________．《鸿门宴》12闻大王有意督过之：________________________________________．13卮酒安足辞：______________________________________________．14度我至军中，公乃入：______________________________________．15旦日飨士卒：______________________________________________．16鲰生说我曰：______________________________________________．3．解释下列加点的古今异义词的古义《烛之武退秦师》1行李之往来，共其乏困．．古义：____________________________________________________________今义：出门时所带的包裹、箱子等。2微夫人之力不及此．．古义：____________________________________________________________今义：妻子。3若舍郑以为东道主．．．古义：___________________________________________________________今义：泛指主人。《荆轲刺秦王》4樊将军以穷困来归丹．．古义：___________________________________________________________今义：贫穷。5樊将军仰天太息流涕曰．古义：___________________________________________________________今义：鼻涕。6持千金之资币物．古义：___________________________________________________________今义：货币。7樊於期偏袒扼腕而进曰．．古义__________________________________________