哈尔滨理工大学学士学位论文PAGEII---PAGELVIII-哈尔滨理工大学毕业设计题目：基于热电偶的控温器设计院系：电气与电子工程学院2013年6月21日基于热电偶的控温器设计摘要热电偶（thermocouple）是HYPERLINK"http://baike.baidu.com/view/71398.htm"\t"_blank"温度测量仪表中常用的测温元件，它直接测量温度，并把温度信号转换成热电动势信号。各种热电偶的外形常因需要而极不相同，但是它们的基本结构却大致相同，通常由热电极、绝缘套保护管和接线盒等主要部分组成。本文研究开发的抗干扰热电偶控温器，从电路设计、PCB电路板布局布线、到软件设计等方面，对热电偶工作的干扰信号进行滤波处理，使这一热电偶控温器能够在复杂的电磁环境下稳定、可靠地工作。为了达到提高测温精度的目的，需要对热电偶进行冷端补偿，以弥补热电偶冷端处于室温环境时造成的误差；在PCB电路设计中，从电源、电缆、印制板三个层次对热电偶控温器进行抗干扰设计；在软件设计过程中，利用数字滤波技术进一步对干扰信号滤波处理、并用线性插值法求解温度值，最后用模糊算法实现控温器对环境温度的控制。关键词热电偶；冷端补偿；控温器；抗干扰ADesignofThermocoupleBasedTemperatureControllerAbstractThermocouple(thermocouple)isacommonlyusedtemperaturesensortemperaturemeasurementinstrument,Itmeasurethetemperaturedirectly,andthetemperaturesignalisconvertedintothethermalelectromotiveforceone.Theshapeofthethermocoupleisnotthesamebecausethedifferentneeds.buttheirbasicstructureareroughlythesame,andusuallycomposeofahotelectrode,insulatingsleevetubeprotectorandthejunctionboxandothermainparts.Thisresearchisabouttheresearchofananti-disturbedtemperaturecontrollerwiththermocoupleasitsthermalsensor.Inordertomakethetemperaturecontrollerworkstablyandreliablyinacomplicatedelectromagneticenvironment,differentmethodsareusedinthedesignstage.Thesemethodscoverdifferentstagesofthedesign,includingthedesignofthehardwarecircuit,thelayoutoftheprintedcircuitboard(PCB),andthesoftwaredesign.Inthedesignofthehardwarecircuit,inordertoimprovetheaccuracyofthetemperaturecontroller,it’snecessarytodosomeworkonthecoldjunctioncompensation.Becausethethermocoupleisusuallyworkwithitscoldjunctionintheroomtemperatureratherthaninthestandardof0℃.InthePCBdesignstage,threedesignhierarchiesareusedtomakethetemperaturecontrollerimmunetothedisturbanceoftheelectromagneticenvironment,thesehierarchiesinclude:powersupply,electriccable,andtheprintedcircuitboard.Inthesoftwaredesign,thedigitalfilterisusedtofinallyfilterthedisturbsignal,andtheFuzzyalgorithmicapproachisusedtorealizethethermalcontrol.