齐齐哈尔大学毕业设计说明书齐齐哈尔大学毕业设计说明书PAGEI摘要碳酸二甲酯(DimethylCarbonate，简称DMC)：常温下为透明液体，略带香味。难溶于水，但能与醇、酮、酯等任意比混溶。DMC毒性很小，对金属基本上无腐蚀性。DMC具有酯的通性，可与水发生水解反应；可与含活泼氢基团的醇、酚、胺、酯等化合物反应；与二元醇或二元酚反应生成聚碳酸酯。DMC分子中含有羰基、甲基、甲氧基等基团，具有良好的反应性能，可代替剧毒的光气、硫酸二甲酯、氯甲烷等作为羰基化剂、甲基化剂和甲氧基化剂，成为开发一系列洁净化工工艺的新基块。设计4万吨/年碳酸二甲酯的工厂设计。本次设计我选用尿素直接醇解法其特点如下：（1）原料廉价易得；（2）工艺简单，易于操作；（3）反应产生的氨气可以回收利用，对环境友好，绿色无污染；（4）反应过程无水生产，避免了甲醇DMC‐水这复杂体系的分离问题，使后续分离提纯简单化。关键词：碳酸二甲酯；合成工艺流程AbstractDMC(DimethylCarbonate,referredtoasDMC):chemicalformulaCH3OCOOCH3atransparentliquidatroomtemperature,slightlyfragrant.Insolubleinwater,butwithalcohols,ketones,estersandotheranymorethancompatibility.DMCtoxicityisverysmall,essentiallynon-corrosivemetal.DMCcontinuitywiththeester,thehydrolysisreactionwithwater;canbeusedwithactivehydrogengroupswithalcohols,phenols,amines,estersandothercompoundsreaction;anddiolsorpolycarbonatedualphenolreaction.DMCmoleculescontainingcarbonyl,methyl,methoxyandothergroups,hasagoodreactionperformance,canreplacethehighlytoxicphosgene,dimethylsulfate,carbonylchloride,etc.,asagent,methylandmethoxyagentBasedagent,achemicalprocessdevelopedanewseriesofcleanblocks.ThedesignIchosedirectalcoholysisofureafollowingfeatures:(1)cheapandreadilyavailablerawmaterials;(2)processissimple,easytooperate;(3)thereactionofammoniacanberecycled,environmentallyfriendly,greenpollution-free;(4)Thereactionofwaterproduction,toavoidthecomplexityofmethanol-DMC-waterseparationsystem,thesubsequentseparationandpurificationofsimplicity.Throughthisexperiment,Ilearnedtodesignaproductionplantintheprocessofdimethylcarbonateinthewholeprocess.Keywords：DMCDimethyl；CarbonateSynthesisProcess目录TOC\o"1-3"\h\z\uHYPERLINK\l"_Toc357002996"摘要PAGEREF_Toc357002996\hIHYPERLINK\l"_Toc357002997"AbstractPAGEREF_Toc357002997\hIIHYPERLINK\l"_Toc357002998"第1章绪论PAGEREF_Toc357002998\h1HYPERLINK\l"_Toc357002999"1.1项目概述PAGEREF_Toc357002999\h1HYPERLINK\l"_Toc357003000"1.2建设背景PAGEREF_Toc3570