ComplaintsfromtheteachersEducativeassessmentshould…CurriculumsandAssessmentsProblemswiththeCurriculumProblemsinschooltestingsystemAbilityforUse语言运用能力AbilityforUseAbilityforUseThreeproblemsThreeproblemsinAssessmentActivitiesThreeProblemsinAssessmentActivitiesSolutions–Task-basedSyllabusTask-syllabus任务大纲任务目标描述“间接的（indirect）”或称为“分析性（analytic）”的考试方式“直接的（direct）”或称为“整体性（holistic）”的方式PerformanceAssessment语言能力表现目标范例语言能力表现评价的特点语言能力表现评价的优点Tasks任务型评价task-basedlanguageassessmentEffectivemethods