非谓语动词非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词三种，其中分词包括现在分词和过去分词。非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语，不受主语的人称和数的限制。非谓语动词既有动词性质（比如可以有自己的宾语、状语等），又有非动词性质（比如动名词相当于名词；分词相当于形容词和副词；不定式相当于名词、形容词和副词等）。动词不定式动词不定式可以在句中作宾语、宾语补足语和目的状语等。动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，有时to可以省略。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，其否定形式为“not+动词不定式”。e.g.TolearnEnglishwellisdifficult.动词不定式作主语时，为了保持句子平衡，常用it代替它作形式主语，而将真正的主语——动词不定式后置，上面的例句常写为：It’sdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.形式主语代替动词不定式的常用句型为：It’s+adj.+(of/forsb.)todosth.或It’s+n.+(forsb.)todosth.。e.g.It’sveryniceofyoutooffermeaseat.It’sverydangerousforchildrentocrossthebusystreet.Itwasgreatfuntohaveapicnicthere.考点二：作宾语。常跟动词不定式作宾语的动词有agree,afford,decide,determine,expect,fail,hope,learn,offer,prepare,plan,promise,refuse,want等。注意：在find,think等后跟动词不定式作宾语时，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语——动词不定式后置。e.g.Ifindithardtogetalongwithhim.1.Theydecided_____abridgeovertheriver.(2015四川遂宁)A.buildB.tobuildC.building2.IwantedtoseetheBeijingOpera,soLinglingoffered____metowatchanopera.(2016天津)A.tookB.takesC.totakeD.taking3.Shesaidshehoped______herdaughter.(2016湖南邵阳)A.toseeB.youtoseeC.seeing4.Ican’ttellyouwhatshesaid.I’vepromised_____itasecret.(2016上海)A.keepB.tokeepC.keepingD.kept考点三：作宾语补足语。1.一些动词后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语，这类动词有allow,call,want,tell,advise,ask,warn,encourage,invite,order,teach等。提示：help跟的宾语补足语既可以是带to的动词不定式，也可以是不带to的动词不定式。e.g.Canyouhelpthegirl(to)movethechair?2.使役动词(如make,let等)及感官动词(如see,feel,hear,watch,notice等)后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语时需省略to。注意在变为被动语态时要加上to。e.g.Isawayoungmanentertheroom.Shewasoftenheardtosingthissong.1.Ourteacheroftenadvisesus_____thehabitofmakingnoteswhilereading.(2016苏州)A.todevelopB.developC.todevelopingD.developing2.YoushouldaskBob___hisownclothes.Heistenyearsoldnow.(2016重庆A卷)A.washB.washesC.washingD.towash3.Weadviseparents______theirchildrenathomealoneinordertokeepthemawayfromdanger.(2016黑龙江东)A.nottoleaveB.notleaveC.notleavingJoiningasummercampisagreatchance____freetimewithyourfriends.(2016吉林)A.spendB.spendingC.tospend1.—I’llhaveaten-dayholiday.ButIdon’tknow______.—HowaboutParis?(2016成都)A.whattodoB.wheretogo