纳米复合金属制备中粒度的控制技术研究摘要新材料是科学技术发展的基础和载体，纳米科技作为2l世纪的主导科学技术，将会给人类带来一场前所未有的新的工业革命，纳米材料是纳米技术应用的基础，纳米材料表现出常规块体材料不具备的物理和化学性质，以及在许多领域展示的潜在的重要应用前景已经成为当今纳米材料的前沿和热点。近年来，受到广泛的关注和研究。本文采用等离子体自由弧、强制气流输运、风冷的方式来满足纳米金属粉末生成的温度梯度条件，避免了液氮冷却和等离子体压缩弧的复杂设备要求，大大降低了制粉成本；引入高纯氢气氛成倍地提高了制粉产率；从单因素工艺实验全面探讨了冷态总压、氢氩比、电流强度、气流循环强度等工艺参数对粉体产量和质量的影响规律。实验表明，随着冷态总压和气流循环强度的增大，纳米粒度逐渐减小；随着氢氩比和电流强度的增加，纳米粒度逐渐增大。在此基础上设计试验,最终获得纳米金属粉体材料的等离子体制备最佳工艺方案，制备出平均粒径为50nm~55nm的NiAl纳米粒子。关键词：纳米金属粉末，制备，等离子体，粒度控制TheSizeControllingTechnologyResearchonPreparationofNanoCompositeMetalParticleAbstractNewmaterialsarethebasicandcarriersofthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,Nanotechnologywillabsolutelybedominantinallscientificfieldsin21stcentury,whichwillbringallunprecedentedindustrialrevolution,Thenanomaterialisthebasisoftheapplicationofnanotechnology,nanomaterialshavereceivedsteadliygrowinginterstsasaresultoftheirpeaculiarandfascinatingproperties,applicationssuperiortotheirbulkcounterparts,butalsotheirpotentialapplicationinthefieldsofeleclronic,magneticrecording,optoclectronicandsoon.Thetemperaturegradientrequestforobtainingnanoparticlesismetbyplasmanon-confinedarc,compulsiveaircurrentconveyanceandair-cooling,whichavoidscomplicatedequipmentrequirementforliquidnitrogen&confinedplasmaarcandreducecostgreatly.Ontheotherhand,thehighpurehydrogenisimportedtoimproveproductiveefficiencyremarkably.Theinfluenceruletopowderqualityandquantityfromsometechnicalparameterssuchasgaspressure,theratiobetweenhydrogenandargon,currentintensityandgascirculateintensitywerediscussedbysingle-factorexperiment.Theexperimentsindicated:withtheincreaseingaspressureandgascirculateintensity,Nano-particlesizedecreasesgradually;withtheincreaseintheratiobetweenhydrogenandargon,currentintensityandcurrentintensity,Nano-particlesizeincreasegradually.onthebaseofwhichtheexperimentschemewasarranged.Atlast,thebestoptimizedpreparingtechnicalschemefornanometalmaterialswerestudied,preparedtheNiAlnano-powderattheaveragesizefrom50nmto55nm.KeyWords:nano