PAGEIII摘要电动机是自动化生产系统中的一个重要环节，对其进行可靠有效的保护尤为关键。但是我国的电动机保护在理论研究和设备制造方面相对外国而言还是比较落后，表现在保护装置功效低，可靠性差，经常出现误动作，电动机损坏情况严重，造成的直接和间接的经济损失巨大。本文介绍了一种基于单片机的高压大型(异步)电动机保护装置。该保护装置在电动机保护理论上，以检测过电流幅值、零序电流、负序电流等为判据；在故障诊断上，实现了基于差动保护和电流保护的电动机故障诊断；在硬件实现上，以ATmega16L单片机为核心，将采集来的电压、电流及温度等模拟量信号经过A/D转换器转换为数字量信号后送入单片机系统中进行处理，通过处理的结果来判断电动机是否有故障以及故障的类型并进行相应的保护动作，同时通过外接点阵液晶显示器和键盘等外设，对其进行实时监控。在软件部分，运用C语言编写软件程序，使之能够识别并处理从传感器传来的电信号，并执行相应的保护程序，然后通过LCD显示出来。关键词：电动机保护单片机差动保护电流保护MotorprotectionbasedonSinglechipAbstractThemotoristheimportportionintheautomanufacturesystem.Therefore,itisimportanttoprotectthemotorreliablyandeffectively.However,China’smotorprotectionintheoreticalresearchandmanufacturingfacilitiesoverseasintermsofrelativeperformanceisstillrelatively,Backwardintheprotectionoflow-efficiencydevicereliabilitypoor,oftenmistakenaction,motordamageinseriouscondition,directlyorindirectlycausedbytheenormouseconomiclosses.Anbasedonsinglechipprotectionequipmentforthehighvoltagelargeasynchronousmotorisdiscussedinthisarticle.Theprotectionequipmentisbasedonover-currentvalue,zero-phase-sequencecomponent,negative-phase-sequencecomponentandotherprotectioncriterions;InProtectiontheory,itrealizestheintelligentfaultdiagnosisbasedonthedifferentialmotionprotectionandtheelectriccurrentprotection;inhardwaresystem,taketheATmega16LMCUasthecoreofprocessorsystem.Usethegathersimulationsignallikesvoltage,electriccurrent,temperatureandsoon,totransformafterADCforthedigitalquantity,andthensignalsendsintheMCUsystemtoprocess,willjudgethetransformerthroughtheprocessingresultwhetherwillincludethebreakdown,thebreakdowntype,andmakingtheappropriateactiontoprotect.Simultaneously,thesystemclotmatrixliquidcrystaldisplaythroughanexternalkeyboardandperipherals,suchasitsreal-timemonitorandcontrol.Insystemsoftware,utilizestheClanguagecompilationsoftwareprocedure,enablesittodistinguishandtoprocesstheelectricalsignalwhichtransmitsfromthesensor,andtaketheappropriateprocedurestoprotect,thendemonstratedthrought