U形管换热器E-2103的机械设计摘要换热器是将热流体的部分热量传递给冷流体的设备，通过这种设备使物料能达到指定的温度以满足工艺的要求。换热器是化工、石油、动力、食品及其他许多工业部门的通用设备，在生产中占有重要地位，已经得到越来越广泛的应用。本设计为U形管换热器的机械设计，在设计过程中，严格按照GB150-1998《钢制压力容器》和GB151-1999《管壳式换热器》及换热器设计手册等标准进行设计和计算。综合考虑各种因素，结构设计合理、经济，同时满足制造、检修、装配、运输和维修等要求；换热器的材料、主要结构尺寸选择恰当，满足强度、刚度、稳定性及水压试验等校核要求。根据设计压力确定的壁厚，使换热器有足够的腐蚀裕度，从而使设计结果达到最优化组合。同时设计中阐述了换热设备的分类、用途、发展趋势以及对各部分结构的制造工艺过程等。在本次设计过程中已完成了设计说明书、一张总装配图和三张零件图的绘制，还对一篇外文进行了翻译等工作。关键词：换热器，U形管，结构设计，校核U-tubeheatexchangermechanicaldesignofE-2103AbstractHeatexchangeristheequipmentthattransfersapartofheatfromthehotfluidtothecold.Itisthekindofequipmentthatcanmakematerialsachievethespecifiedtemperaturetomeetthetechnologicalrequirements.Heatexchangeistheuniversalequipmentforthechemical,petroleum,power,foodandotherindustrialsectors,whichoccupiesanimportantposition.Andithasbeenappliedmoreandmore.ThemaincontentofthedesignistheU-shapedtubeexchanger.Inthedesignprocess,thedesignerdependsonstrictaccordancewithGB150-1998,GB151-1999,MechanicalDesignHandbookfordesignandcalculation.Variousfactorstakenintoaccount,thestructuraldesignisreasonableandeconomic,whileitsatisfiestherequirementsofthemanufacture,maintenance,assembling,transportationandsoon.Theheatexchangermaterialsandthesizeofmainstructureshavebeenchosenproperlytomeetthestrength,stiffness,stability,hydrostatictestingandotherverificationrequirements.Accordingtothedesignpressureofthewallthickness,thereisenoughsufficientcorrosionallowancesothatthedesignresultsachieveoptimumcombination.Also,thecontentshaveexpressedtheclassification,use,developmenttrendsandapartofthestructureofthemanufacturingprocessfortheheatexchanger.Inthisdesignprocess,thedesignerhascompletedthedesignspecifications,ageneralassemblyandthreesparepartsdrawings,andcompletedaforeignlanguagetranslation.Keywords:Heatexchanger,U-shapedtube,structuraldesign,verification.TOC\o"1-3"\h\z\uHYPERLINK\l"_Toc295576915"1前言PAGEREF_Toc295576915\h5HYPERLINK\l"_Toc295576916"1.1换热设备的概述及分类PAGEREF_Toc295576916\h5HY