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六级样卷SectionAQuestions47to51arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Americaisacountrythatnowsitsatopthecherishedmyththatworkprovidesrewards,thatworkingpeoplecansupporttheirfamilies.It'samyththathasbecomesodivorcedfromrealitythatitmightaswellbeginwiththewords"Onceuponatime."Today1.6millionNewYorkerssufferfrom"foodinsecurity,"whichisafancywayofsayingtheydon'thaveenoughtoeat.Somearethepeoplewhocomeinatnightandcleantheskyscrapersthatglitteralongtheriver.Somepourcoffeeandtakecareoftheagedparentsofthepeoplewholiveinthosebuildings.TheAmericanDreamforthewell-to-dogrowsfromthebowedbacksoftheworkingpoor,whotoooftenhavetochoosebetweengroceriesandrent.Inanewbookcalled"TheBetrayalofWork",BethShulmansaysthateveninthebooming1990soneoutofeveryfourAmericanworkersmadelessthan$8.70anhour,anincomeequaltothegovernment'spovertylevelforafamilyoffour.Many,ifnotmost,oftheseworkershadnohealthcare,sickpayorretirementprovisions.Weeaseourconsciences,Shulmanwrites,bydescribingthesepeopleas"lowskilled,"asthoughthey'renotimportantorintelligentenoughtodeservemore.Butlow-skilledworkerstodayarebettereducatedthaneverbefore,andtheyconstitutethelinchpin(关键)ofAmericanindustry.Whenpoliticianscrow(得意洋洋地说)thathappydaysarehereagainbecausejobsareontherise,it'sthesejobsthey'rereallytalkingabout.Fiveofthe10occupationsexpectedtogrowbiginthenextdecadeareinthelowest-payingjobgroups.Andbeforewesitbackanddecidethat'sjustthewayitis,it'sinstructivetoconsidertherestoftheworld.Whilethebottom10percentofAmericanworkersearnjust37percentofouraveragewage,theircounterpartsinotherindustrializedcountriesearnupwardsof60percent.Andthosearecountriesthatprovidehealthcareandchildcare,whicheasestheeconomicpinchconsiderably.Almost40yearsago,whenLyndonJohnsondeclaredwaronpoverty,afamilywithacarandahouseinthesuburbsfeltprosperous.Todaythatsamefamilymaywellfeelpoor,overwhelmedbycreditcarddebt,asecondmortgageandthecostofthestuffthathasbecomethebackboneofAmericanlife.Whenthemiddleclassfeelspoor,thepoorhavelittlechanceforchange,orevenrecogni
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