滨江学院课程报告题目反射式光电计数器设计院系滨江学院专业电子科学与技术学生姓名***学号指导教师常建华职称副教授二0一三年十一月二十一日PAGE\*MERGEFORMAT25目录绪论1.1光电计数器原理·······································11.2国内外研究现状·······································21.3本文主要研究内容·····································2第二章光电计数器设计方案论证2.1遮光式光电计数器·····································32.2反射式光电计数器·····································32.3方案选择·············································4硬件电路设计3.1STC89C52简介·········································53.2电源电路·············································73.3传感器部分···········································83.3.1E18-D50NK反射式红外传感器······················83.3.2发射与接收电路··································93.4复位电路·············································113.5晶振电路·············································123.6显示电路·············································123.6.1线段的显示······································133.6.2字符的显示······································133.6.3汉字的显示······································133.6.41602字符型LCD简介·····························133.6.51602LCD的基本参数及引脚功能·····················143.6.61602LCD主要技术参数····························143.6.71602LCD的指令说明及时序·························15反射式光电计数器的软件设计4.1显示程序·············································17第五章系统调试···········································23参考文献··················································23致谢······················································24附录······················································24反射式光电计数器设计***南京信息工程大学滨江学院电子科学与技术，南京210044摘要：本文基于STC89c52单片机设计了一个结构简单、性能稳定的工业流水线用反射式光电计数器,可实现产品流水线产品的实时计数功能。该系统采用型号为E18-D50NK的红外传感器为信号采集装置,将光信号转换成电信号。以电磁继电器、三极管构成放大电路，放大后的信号经单片机处理后显示在数码管上。当系统出现锁死情况时可以通过复位键调整，直至系统正常工作。该系统优点是硬件电路简单，控制系统可靠，具有很强的实用价值。该系统拓展后，可用于生产流水线的工件计数，具有很好的应用前景。关键词：STC89c52单片机E18-D50NK红外传感器实时计数绪论1.1光电计数器原理光电式传感器就是基于光电效应的理论基础用于光电信号之间的相互转换的一种传感器。其中光电效应可以分为三类。1.外光电效应：能使电子在光照射条件下逸出物体表面。光电倍增管，真空光电管等就是利用了外光电效应。内光电效应：能使物质的电阻率在光线照射条件下改变。半导体光敏电阻这类的器件就是利用了内光电效应。3.光生伏特效