Atherosclerosis动脉粥样硬化Signsandsymptoms:Atherosclerosisisaconditioninwhichanarterywallthickensasaresultoftheaccumulationofplaque.Theplaqueismadeupoffat,cholesterol,calcium,andothersubstancesfoundintheblood.Overtime,plaquehardensandnarrowsthepatient’sarteries.Thislimitstheflowofoxygen-richbloodtotheirorgansandotherpartsofthebody,itcanalsoleadseriousproblems,including:Coronaryarterydisease:Thesearteriessupplybloodtoourheart.Whentheyareblocked,wecansufferanginaoraheartattack.Carotidarterydisease:Thesearteriessupplybloodtoourbrain.Whentheyareblockedwecansufferastroke.Peripheralarterialdisease:Thesearteriesareinourarms,legsandpelvis.Whentheyareblocked,wecansufferfromnumbness,painandsometimesinfections.HYPERLINK"http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/redir/disclaimer.htm?http://kidney.niddk.nih.gov/kudiseases/pubs/yourkidneys/index.htm"Chronickidneydisease:Therenalarteriessupplybloodtoourkidneys.Ifplaquebuildsupintherenalarteries,thediseaseoccurs.Overtime,chronickidneydiseasecausesaslowlossofkidneyfunction.Causes:Themaincauseofatherosclerosisisyetunknown,butishypothesizedtofundamentallybeinitiatedbyinflammatoryprocessesinthevesselwallinresponsetoretainedlow-densitylipoprotein(LDL)molecules.Also,cytomegalovirus(CMV)infectionisassociatedwithcardiovasculardiseases.Treatments:Non-pharmaceuticalmeansareusuallythefirstmethodoftreatment,suchascessationofsmokingandpracticingregularexercise.Ifthesemethodsdonotwork,medicinesareusuallythenextstepintreatingcardiovasculardiseases,and,withimprovements,haveincreasinglybecomethemosteffectivemethodoverthelongterm.部分单词介绍：1、atherosclerosis:[,æθərəʊsklɪə'rəʊsɪs;-sklə-]动脉粥样硬化2、symptom:['sɪm(p)təm]n.症状；征兆3、artery:['ɑːtərɪ]HYPERLINK"javascript:void(0);"HYPERLINK"app:addword:artery"n.动脉；干道；主流4、accumulation:[əkjuːmjʊ'leɪʃ(ə)n]HYPERLINK"javascript:void(0);"HYPERLINK"app:addword:accumulation"n.积聚，累积；堆积物5、plaque:[plæk;plɑːk]HYPERLINK"javascript:void(0);"HYPERLINK"app:addword:plaque"n.斑块6、cholesterol:[kə'lestərɒl]HYPERLINK"javas