下丘脑发生下丘脑的大体解剖Figure1a.AC前联合，LT终板OC视交叉IS垂体柄TC灰结节MB乳头体MT乳头丘脑束PF连合后穹窿PC后连合Figure1b.(a)Drawingshowsthehypothalamus(outlinedwithadashedline)lyingbelowanimaginarylinebetweentheanteriorcommissure(AC)andtheposteriorcommissure(PC).Figure1c.增强部分提示缺乏血脑屏障Figure2a.视交叉层面-AC前联合MPO视前内侧核LPO视前外侧核SC视交叉上核SO视上核OT视束OC视交叉Figure2b正中隆起层面.PV室旁核SO视上核VM腹内侧核DM背内侧核ME正中隆起F穹窿A弓状核L外侧核Figure2c.乳头体层面PV室旁核L外侧核MB乳头体F穹窿MT乳头丘脑束P后核下丘脑的功能下丘脑病变的临床症状各论颅咽管瘤Figure3a.非强化Adamantinomatouscraniopharyngiomaina12-year-oldboywithheadacheandblurredvision.Figure3b.冠状增强Adamantinomatouscraniopharyngiomaina12-year-oldboywithheadacheandblurredvision.Figure4.Papillarycraniopharyngiomaina39-year-oldmanwithheadache.生殖细胞瘤Figure5.Metachronoushypothalamicandpinealglandgerminomasina3-year-oldgirlwithcentralDI.错构瘤Figure6a.Parahypothalamichamartomaofthetubercinereumina7-year-oldboywithprecociouspuberty.脂肪瘤Figure7a.Parahypothalamicosteolipomaofthetubercinereumina43-year-oldwomanwithheadacheandblurredvision.皮样囊肿及表皮样囊肿Figure8a.Hypothalamicdermoidcystina30-year-oldmanwithheadache.Rathke囊肿Figure9a.RCCina50-year-oldwomanwithdiplopia.胶样囊肿Figure10.Suprasellarcolloidcystina44-year-oldmanwithdecreasedvisualacuity.下丘脑视交叉胶质瘤Figure11a.Hypothalamic-chiasmaticgliomaina4-year-oldboywithNF-1.迷芽瘤平扫与增强海绵状血管瘤系统肿瘤影响中枢神经系统Figure16a.Metastaticcarcinomatothehypothalamic-pituitaryaxisina46-year-oldwomanwithbreastcancer.炎症肉芽肿性疾病Figure17.Hypothalamicencephalitisina35-year-oldmanwithDI.朗汗氏细胞增生症Figure18.LCHinan8-year-oldboywithDI.结节病Figure19a.Neurosarcoidosisina32-year-oldwomanwithDI.异位垂体Figure21.EPPinan8-year-oldboywithgrowthretardation.鉴别诊断年龄与部位鞍上还是鞍内肿块？信号和强化