GovernmentandEconomyinAmericaTheU.S.Economy美国经济Factorsthatcontributetothefastgrowthoftheeconomy:①thegeographicallocationoftheUnitedStatesprovidesverygoodconditionsforthecountrytogrowandbecomestrong.②theUnitedStateshasbeenblessedbybeingalandrichinmineralresourcesandfertilefarmsoil,togetherwithamoderateclimate.③Americahasbeenfortunateinhavingenoughpeopletoprovidethelabournecessaryforaconstantlyexpandingeconomy.④thequalityofavailablelabour.TheUnitedStateshasaskilfulandwillinglabourforce.经济快速增长的几个因素：1.美国的地理位置为国家的发展壮大提供了良好的条件；2.美国有幸是一块矿产资源丰富、土壤肥沃的陆地，气候温和；3.拥有足够的劳动力以满足不断发展的经济增长；4.这些劳动力的质量。美国拥有技术高和能动性好的劳动力大军。theNewDealitwasputforwardbyAmericanPresidentRooseveltwhowantedtodosomethingtodealwiththeGreatDepressionatthattime.ItpassedalotofNewDeallawsandsetupsomeefficientsocialsecuritysystems.TheNewDealhelpedto“saveAmericandemocracy”andtoovercomethemostseriouseconomiccrisisofthecapitalistsystemuptothattime.PoliticalInstitution政治体制1)AworkableformofgovernmentundertheConstitution:afederalsystemofgovernmentwhichhastwolayersofrule.两极统治的联邦政府体制2)SeparationofpowerswithchecksandbalancesundertheConstitution:TheConstitutiondividesthegovernmentintothreebranches:thelegislative,theexecutiveandthejudicial.Eachbranchhasonlypartofthepowersbutnotallthepowers.Thethreebranchesareinbalanceandtheymaycheckeachother.三权分立和制衡制度：宪法将政府划分为3个部门，立法部门、行政部门和司法部门。每个部门只有部分权利不是全部。三个部门权利平衡并互相限制。3)SafeguardsforindividuallibertyundertheConstitution:theBillofRights.ItisthetermusedforthefirsttenamendmentstotheConstitution.Itguaranteesfreedomofreligion,freedomofspeech,freedomofthepress,freedomofassemblyandpetition,freedomfromunreasonablesearches,righttojurytrial,righttodueprocessoflawandotherlegalrights.宪法下的个人自由的保护：权利法案。这是最早的十个宪法修正案中的总称。他确保了宗教、言论、出版、集会、请愿和免受无理搜查的自由，还确保了接受陪审团审判、享受应有的法律程序和其他合法权利。4)PowersoftheAmericanpresident:①Thepresidentistheheadoftheexecutivebranch（行政部门首脑）.②Heisalsoheadofstate(元首)electedbythewholenation.③hehassomelegislativepowers(立法权);④heisresponsiblefortherelationsoftheUnitedStateswithforeignnat