成大中文學報第二十二期2008年10月頁1-22國立成功大學中文系余嘉錫箋疏《世說新語》之詮釋特色及其文化意義初探吳冠宏＊提要本文從「以歷史治小說的治學向度」、「在歷史真實與歷史評價之間」、「立足於儒家傳統之得失」三個面向來揭示余氏箋疏《世說新語》的詮釋特色及其背後的歷史文化情懷，並藉此勾勒出近代傳統知識分子透過學術以寄寓時代關懷的身影。余氏不僅表現出以歷史治小說的治學向度，亦每能兼顧史考與史義，從而展現出治中古史的恢弘格局；然而由於他深受傳統正統論史學的影響，又面臨日寇侵華民族存亡之際，因此對於委蛇兩端的魏晉名士，尤不免流露出深惡痛詆之情，而有以價值判斷淩駕於事實判斷的論述出現。余氏揚真立善的價值訴求勢必沖淡他對美的發現與關懷，本文更進一步援引牟宗三與廖蔚卿兩位當代的名士論述來參照比對，以彰顯余氏立足於宋學精神與儒家傳統之得失。關鍵詞：歷史真實、歷史評價、余嘉錫、世說新語箋疏、儒家傳統APreliminaryStudyoftheInterpretiveCharacteristicsandCulturalMeaningof＊國立東華大學中國語文學系教授。1成大中文學報第二十二期Jia-xiYu’sCommentariesonShishouXinyuWuKuan-HungProfessor,DepartmentofChinese,NationalDongHwaUniversityAbstractThispaperaimstobringtolighttheinterpretingcharacteristicsofJia-xiYu’sCommentariesonShishouXinyuandthesocio-historicalsignificanceofitbyfocusingonthreeaspects:ahistoricalapproachtonovels,theborderlinebetweenhistoricaltruthandhistoricalevalustion,theprosandconsofbeinggroundedontraditionalConfucianism.Thispaperhopesthatsuchaninvestigationwillshowcasehowmodernintellectualsprojecttheirconcernwiththeirepochthroughacademicstudies.Yunotonlydemonstratesascholarlyhistoricalapproachtonovelsbutalsoheedstohistoricaltruthandmeaning,thuspresentingabroadperspectivefromwhichtoresearchhistoryofearlierperiods.Becausehewasinfluencedbytraditionalapproachtohistoryand,meanwhile,wassituatedinatimewhenJapaninvadedChina,hehadanantipathytowardWei-Jin’sintellectualswhofollowedthecrookednessoftheworld.Assuch,inhisdiscourseemergedanemphasisonvaluejudgmentovertruthjudgment.Yu’sstressongoodnessandrighteousnesswouldinevitablyleadtoanattenuatedconcernwithaesthetics.ByreferringtoZueng-sanMou’sandWei-qingLiao’sstudiesonintellectualismandcontrastingthemwithYu’sapproach,thisarticlewillweightheprosandconsofYu’sstancebasedonSong’sintellectualismandtraditionalConfucianism.Keywords:historicaltruth,historicalevaluation,Jia-xiYu,ShishoxinyuQianshu,Confucianism2吳冠宏：余嘉錫箋疏《世說新語》之詮釋特色及其文化意義初探余嘉錫箋疏《世說新語》之詮釋特色及其文化意義初探吳冠宏一、前言余嘉錫（1884-1955）《世說新語箋疏》一書，不僅在考辨史實而已，更有「砥礪士節，明辨是非」的用意，其實這種立基於時代關