统计软件SAS简介及程序范例1.SAS简介SAS系统具有统计分析方法丰富、信息储存简单、语言编程能力强、能对数据连续处理、使用简单等特点。SAS是一个出色的统计分析系统，它汇集了大量的统计分析方法，从简单的描述统计到复杂的多变量分析，编制了大量的使用简便的统计分析过程。SAS系统运行的几个重要前提条件SASforWindows的启动与退出(二)退出当用完SASforWindows，需要退出时，可以单击【File】，选择【Exit】，或者，单击×(关闭)按钮，立即显示。如果确认需要退出SASforWindows，单击确定按钮；如果需要继续使用SASforWindows，单击取消按钮。2.《试验统计方法》教材例题的SAS程序及运行结果t检验样本平均数与总体平均数的差异显著性检验(例4.3)运行结果配对试验资料的t检验（例4.7）运行结果非配对试验资料的t检验(例4.5)运行结果方差分析单因素完全随机化试验重复数相等资料的方差分析（教材【例5.3】）运行结果TheANOVAProcedureDuncan'sMultipleRangeTestforxNOTE:ThistestcontrolstheTypeIcomparisonwiseerrorrate,nottheexperimentwiseerrorrate.Alpha0.05ErrorDegreesofFreedom20ErrorMeanSquare6.533333NumberofMeans234CriticalRange3.0783.2313.328Meanswiththesameletterarenotsignificantlydifferent.DuncanGroupingMeanNvarietyA16.66764ABA14.00063BABA13.66761BB12.00062单因素完全随机化试验重复数不等资料的方差分析（教材【例5.4】）运行结果TheGLMProcedureDependentVariable:xSumofSourceDFSquaresMeanSquareFValuePr>FModel446.4983333311.624583335.990.0025Error2038.841666671.94208333CorrectedTotal2485.34000000R-SquareCoeffVarRootMSExMean0.5448607.5656161.39358718.42000SourceDFTypeISSMeanSquareFValuePr>Fvariety446.4983333311.624583335.990.0025SourceDFTypeIIISSMeanSquareFValuePr>Fvariety446.4983333311.624583335.990.0025TheGLMProcedureDuncan'sMultipleRangeTestforxNOTE:ThistestcontrolstheTypeIcomparisonwiseerrorrate,nottheexperimentwiseerrorrate.Alpha0.05ErrorDegreesofFreedom20ErrorMeanSquare1.942083HarmonicMeanofCellSizes4.83871NOTE:Cellsizesarenotequal.NumberofMeans2345CriticalRange1.8691.9622.0212.062Meanswiththesameletterarenotsignificantlydifferent.DuncanGroupingMeanNvarietyA20.166761AA19.625044ABA18.300053BB17.166762BB16.625045两因素交叉分组试验单独观测值资料的方差分析（教材【例5.5】）运行结果TheANOVAProcedureDependentVariable:xSumofSourceDFSquaresMeanSquareFValuePr>FModel71576.555556225.22222213.970.0002Error10161.22222216.122222CorrectedTotal171737.777778R-SquareCoeffVarRootMSExMean0.9072255.2221444.01524976.88889SourceDFAnovaSSMeanSquareFValuePr>Ffield514